--- title: Joshua 21:1 — Then came near the heads of fathers' houses of the Levites unto Elea… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then came near the heads of fathers' houses of the Levites unto Eleazar the priest, and unto Joshua the son of Nun, and unto the heads of fathers' houses of the tribes of the children of Israel; Who acts: heads. Joshua 21:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.21.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/21/) / 21:1 # Joshua 21:1 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** heads · **What happens:** come This is Joshua 21:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — heads — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיִּגְּשׁ֗וּ רָאשֵׁי֙ אֲב֣וֹת הַלְוִיִּ֔ם אֶל־אֶלְעָזָר֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְאֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ בִּן־נ֑וּן וְאֶל־רָאשֵׁ֛י אֲב֥וֹת הַמַּטּ֖וֹת לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [Then came near the heads of fathers' houses of the Levites unto Eleazar the priest, and unto Joshua the son of Nun, and unto the heads of fathers' houses of the tribes of the children of Israel;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.552/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:530 # text = וַֽיִּגְּשׁ֗וּ רָאשֵׁי֙ אֲב֣וֹת הַלְוִיִּ֔ם אֶל־אֶלְעָזָר֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְאֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ בִּן־נ֑וּן וְאֶל־רָאשֵׁ֛י אֲב֥וֹת הַמַּטּ֖וֹת לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = JOS.21.1 1-2 וַֽיִּגְּשׁ֗וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_21:1!1|MId=o060210010011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּגְּשׁ֗וּ נָגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.approached|Ref=JOS_21:1!1|MId=o060210010012|Strong=5066|Frame=A0:060210010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 רָאשֵׁי֙ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.heads|Ref=JOS_21:1!2|MId=o060210010021|Strong=7218 4 אֲב֣וֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.fathers|Ref=JOS_21:1!3|MId=o060210010031|Strong=0001 5-6 הַלְוִיִּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_21:1!4|MId=o060210010041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 לְוִיִּ֔ם לֵוִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Levites|Ref=JOS_21:1!4|MId=o060210010042|Strong=3881|Type=gentilic 7 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_21:1!5|MId=o060210010051|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 8 אֶלְעָזָר֙ אֶלְעָזָר PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Eleazar|Ref=JOS_21:1!6|MId=o060210010061|Strong=0499 9-10 הַכֹּהֵ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_21:1!7|MId=o060210010071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 כֹּהֵ֔ן כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 appos _ Gloss=priest|Ref=JOS_21:1!7|MId=o060210010072|Strong=3548 11-12 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_21:1!8|MId=o060210010081|Strong=2050b 12 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_21:1!8|MId=o060210010082|Strong=0413 13 יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 8 conj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_21:1!9|MId=o060210010091|Strong=3091 14 בִּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=JOS_21:1!10|MId=o060210010101|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 15 נ֑וּן נוּן PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Nun|Ref=JOS_21:1!11|MId=o060210010111|Strong=5126 16-17 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_21:1!12|MId=o060210010121|Strong=2050b 17 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_21:1!12|MId=o060210010122|Strong=0413 18 רָאשֵׁ֛י רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=the.heads|Ref=JOS_21:1!13|MId=o060210010131|Strong=7218 19 אֲב֥וֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.fathers|Ref=JOS_21:1!14|MId=o060210010141|Strong=0001 20-21 הַמַּטּ֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_21:1!15|MId=o060210010151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 מַּטּ֖וֹת מַטֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.tribes|Ref=JOS_21:1!15|MId=o060210010152|Strong=4294 22-23 לִבְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_21:1!16|MId=o060210010161|Strong=3807a 23 בְנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 nmod _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=JOS_21:1!16|MId=o060210010162|Strong=1121 24 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JOS_21:1!17|MId=o060210010171|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JOS_21:1!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּגְּשׁוּ *they approached* | wayyiqtol · qal | רָאשֵׁי *the heads* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּקְרִיבוּ רֵישֵׁי אֲבָהַת לֵיוָאֵי לְוַת אֶלְעָזָר כַּהֲנָא וּלְוַת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּר נוּן וּלְוַת רֵישֵׁי אֲבָהַת שִׁבְטַיָא לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then came near the heads of fathers' houses of the Levites unto Eleazar the priest, and unto Joshua the son of Nun, and unto the heads of fathers' houses of the tribes of the children of Israel;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.552/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:530`. - ← previous: [Joshua 20:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.20.9/) - next →: [Joshua 21:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.21.2/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/21/)