--- title: Joshua 21:44 — And the LORD gave them rest round about, according to all that He sw… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD gave them rest round about, according to all that He swore unto their fathers; and there stood not a man of all their enemies against them; the LORD delivered all their enemies into their hand. Who acts: LORD, man. Joshua 21:44 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 19 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.21.44/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/21/) / 21:44 # Joshua 21:44 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** LORD, man · **What happens:** give, accord, swear, not stand, deliver · **To what, where:** rest, cities, enemies, hand This is Joshua 21:44 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, man — and what happens in the verse to rest, cities, enemies, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֨נַח יְהוָ֤ה לָהֶם֙ מִסָּבִ֔יב כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֖ע לַאֲבוֹתָ֑ם וְלֹא־עָ֨מַד אִ֤ישׁ בִּפְנֵיהֶם֙ מִכָּל־אֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם נָתַ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה בְּיָדָֽם׃ [And the LORD gave them rest round about, according to all that He swore unto their fathers; and there stood not a man of all their enemies against them; the LORD delivered all their enemies into their hand.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.595/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:573 # text = וַיָּ֨נַח יְהוָ֤ה לָהֶם֙ מִסָּבִ֔יב כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֖ע לַאֲבוֹתָ֑ם וְלֹא־עָ֨מַד אִ֤ישׁ בִּפְנֵיהֶם֙ מִכָּל־אֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם נָתַ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה בְּיָדָֽם׃ # verse = JOS.21.44 1-2 וַיָּ֨נַח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_21:44!1|MId=o060210440011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֨נַח נוּחַ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.gave.rest|Ref=JOS_21:44!1|MId=o060210440012|Strong=5117|Frame=A0:060210440021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוָ֤ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_21:44!2|MId=o060210440021|Strong=3068 4-5 לָהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 ל לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_21:44!3|MId=o060210440031|Strong=3807a 5 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_21:44!3|MId=o060210440032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 6-7 מִסָּבִ֔יב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_21:44!4|MId=o060210440041|Strong=4480 7 סָּבִ֔יב סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=round.about|Ref=JOS_21:44!4|MId=o060210440042|Strong=5439 8-9 כְּכֹ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=JOS_21:44!5|MId=o060210440051|Strong=3509a 9 כֹ֥ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=to.all|Ref=JOS_21:44!5|MId=o060210440052|Strong=3605 10 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=JOS_21:44!6|MId=o060210440061|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 11 נִשְׁבַּ֖ע שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.sworn|Ref=JOS_21:44!7|MId=o060210440071|Strong=7650|Frame=A0:060210440021;A1:060210440052;|Type=qatal 12-14 לַאֲבוֹתָ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_21:44!8|MId=o060210440081|Strong=3807a 13 אֲבוֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obl _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=JOS_21:44!8|MId=o060210440082|Strong=0001 14 ָ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_21:44!8|MId=o060210440083|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15-16 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_21:44!9|MId=o060210440091|Strong=2050b 16 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOS_21:44!9|MId=o060210440092|Strong=3808|Type=negative 17 עָ֨מַד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.made.a.stand|Ref=JOS_21:44!10|MId=o060210440101|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:060210440111;|Type=qatal 18 אִ֤ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=anyone|Ref=JOS_21:44!11|MId=o060210440111|Strong=0376 19-21 בִּפְנֵיהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_21:44!12|MId=o060210440121|Strong=0871a 20 פְנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=faces|Ref=JOS_21:44!12|MId=o060210440122|Strong=6440 21 הֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_21:44!12|MId=o060210440123|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 22-23 מִכָּל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_21:44!13|MId=o060210440131|Strong=4480 23 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_21:44!13|MId=o060210440132|Strong=3605 24-25 אֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 אֹ֣יְבֵי אָיַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=enemies|Ref=JOS_21:44!14|MId=o060210440141|Strong=0341|Type=participle_active 25 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_21:44!14|MId=o060210440142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 26 אֵ֚ת אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_21:44!15|MId=o060210440151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 27 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_21:44!16|MId=o060210440161|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 אֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אֹ֣יְבֵי אָיַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=enemies|Ref=JOS_21:44!17|MId=o060210440171|Strong=0341|Type=participle_active 29 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_21:44!17|MId=o060210440172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30 נָתַ֥ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.gave|Ref=JOS_21:44!18|MId=o060210440181|Strong=5414|Frame=A1:060210440171;A0:060210440191;|Type=qatal 31 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 30 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_21:44!19|MId=o060210440191|Strong=3068 32-34 בְּיָדָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_21:44!20|MId=o060210440201|Strong=0871a 33 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=JOS_21:44!20|MId=o060210440202|Strong=3027 34 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_21:44!20|MId=o060210440203|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=JOS_21:44!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּנַח *he gave rest* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | נִשְׁבַּע *he had sworn* | qatal · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | כֹל *to all* | | | | **not** עָמַד *he made a stand* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *anyone* | | | | | נָתַן *he gave* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | אֹיְבֵי *enemies* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַנִיחַ יְיָ לְהוֹן מִסְחוֹר סְחוֹר כְּכֹל דְקַיֵם לַאֲבָהַּתְהוֹן וְלָא קָם אֱנָשׁ מִן קֳדָמֵיהוֹן מִן כָּל בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבֵיהוֹן יַת כָּל בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבֵיהוֹן מְסַר יְיָ בִּידֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the LORD gave them rest round about, according to all that He swore unto their fathers; and there stood not a man of all their enemies against them; the LORD delivered all their enemies into their hand.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.595/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:573`. - ← previous: [Joshua 21:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.21.43/) - next →: [Joshua 21:45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.21.45/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/21/)