--- title: Joshua 22:23 — that we have built us an altar to turn away from following the LORD;… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: that we have built us an altar to turn away from following the LORD; or if to offer thereon burnt-offering or meal-offering, or if to offer sacrifices of peace-offerings thereon, let the LORD Himself require it; Who acts: we, LORD. Joshua 22:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JP --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/22/) / 22:23 # Joshua 22:23 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** we, LORD · **What happens:** build, turn away, follow, offer, burn, let · **To what, where:** altar, us, LORD, burnt offering, sacrifices, peace offerings This is Joshua 22:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we, LORD — and what happens in the verse to altar, us, LORD, burnt offering, sacrifices, peace offerings, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לִבְנ֥וֹת לָ֙נוּ֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לָשׁ֖וּב מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְאִם־לְהַעֲל֨וֹת עָלָ֜יו עוֹלָ֣ה וּמִנְחָ֗ה וְאִם־לַעֲשׂ֤וֹת עָלָיו֙ זִבְחֵ֣י שְׁלָמִ֔ים יְהוָ֖ה ה֥וּא יְבַקֵּֽשׁ׃ [that we have built us an altar to turn away from following the LORD; or if to offer thereon burnt-offering or meal-offering, or if to offer sacrifices of peace-offerings thereon, let the LORD Himself require it;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.620/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:597 # text = לִבְנ֥וֹת לָ֙נוּ֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לָשׁ֖וּב מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְאִם־לְהַעֲל֨וֹת עָלָ֜יו עוֹלָ֣ה וּמִנְחָ֗ה וְאִם־לַעֲשׂ֤וֹת עָלָיו֙ זִבְחֵ֣י שְׁלָמִ֔ים יְהוָ֖ה ה֥וּא יְבַקֵּֽשׁ׃ # verse = JOS.22.23 1-2 לִבְנ֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_22:23!1|MId=o060220230011|Strong=3807a 2 בְנ֥וֹת בָּנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 30 dislocated _ Gloss=build|Ref=JOS_22:23!1|MId=o060220230012|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:060220210021;060220210042;060220210062;A1:060220230031;|Type=infinitive_construct 3-4 לָ֙נוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JOS_22:23!2|MId=o060220230021|Strong=3807a 4 ָ֙נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=ourselves|Ref=JOS_22:23!2|MId=o060220230022|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 5 מִזְבֵּ֔חַ מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=an.altar|Ref=JOS_22:23!3|MId=o060220230031|Strong=4196 6-7 לָשׁ֖וּב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_22:23!4|MId=o060220230041|Strong=3807a 7 שׁ֖וּב שׁוּב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=turn.back|Ref=JOS_22:23!4|MId=o060220230042|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:060220210021;060220210042;060220210062;|Type=infinitive_construct 8-9 מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_22:23!5|MId=o060220230051|Strong=4480 9 אַחֲרֵ֣י אַחַר ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=JOS_22:23!5|MId=o060220230052|Strong=0310 10 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_22:23!6|MId=o060220230061|Strong=3068 11-12 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_22:23!7|MId=o060220230071|Strong=2050b 12 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=JOS_22:23!7|MId=o060220230072|Strong=0518 13-14 לְהַעֲל֨וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_22:23!8|MId=o060220230081|Strong=3807a 14 הַעֲל֨וֹת עָלָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 conj _ Gloss=offer.up|Ref=JOS_22:23!8|MId=o060220230082|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:060220210021;060220210042;060220210062;A0:060220230101;060220230112;|Type=infinitive_construct 15-16 עָלָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 עָלָ֜י עַל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_22:23!9|MId=o060220230091|Strong=5921 16 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_22:23!9|MId=o060220230092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17 עוֹלָ֣ה עֹלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=a.burnt.offering|Ref=JOS_22:23!10|MId=o060220230101|Strong=5930 18-19 וּמִנְחָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_22:23!11|MId=o060220230111|Strong=2050b 19 מִנְחָ֗ה מִנְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=a.grain.offering|Ref=JOS_22:23!11|MId=o060220230112|Strong=4503 20-21 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_22:23!12|MId=o060220230121|Strong=2050b 21 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=JOS_22:23!12|MId=o060220230122|Strong=0518 22-23 לַעֲשׂ֤וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_22:23!13|MId=o060220230131|Strong=3807a 23 עֲשׂ֤וֹת עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 conj _ Gloss=make|Ref=JOS_22:23!13|MId=o060220230132|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:060220210021;060220210042;060220210062;A1:060220230151;|Type=infinitive_construct 24-25 עָלָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 עָלָי עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_22:23!14|MId=o060220230141|Strong=5921 25 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_22:23!14|MId=o060220230142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26 זִבְחֵ֣י זֶבַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 obj _ Gloss=sacrifices|Ref=JOS_22:23!15|MId=o060220230151|Strong=2077 27 שְׁלָמִ֔ים שֶׁלֶם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.peace.offerings|Ref=JOS_22:23!16|MId=o060220230161|Strong=8002 28 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 30 dislocated _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_22:23!17|MId=o060220230171|Strong=3068 29 ה֥וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JOS_22:23!18|MId=o060220230181|Strong=1931|Type=personal 30 יְבַקֵּֽשׁ בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=may.he.require|Ref=JOS_22:23!19|MId=o060220230191|Strong=1245|Frame=A0:060220230181;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=JOS_22:23!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בְנוֹת *build* | infinitive construct · qal | | מִזְבֵּחַ *an altar* | | | | שׁוּב *turn back* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | הַעֲלוֹת *offer up* | infinitive construct · hiphil | עוֹלָה *a burnt offering* + מִנְחָה *a grain offering* | | | | | עֲשׂוֹת *make* | infinitive construct · qal | | זִבְחֵי *sacrifices* | | | | יְבַקֵּֽשׁ *may he require* | yiqtol · piel | הוּא *he* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} לְמִבְנָא לָנָא מַדְבְּחָא לְמֵיתַב מִבָּתַר פּוּלְחָנָא דַייָ וְאִם לְאַסָקָא עֲלוֹהִי עֲלָתָא וּמִנְחָתָא וְאִם לְמֶעְבַּד עֲלוֹהִי נִכְסַת קוּדְשִׁין יְיָ הוּא יִתְבַּע: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [that we have built us an altar to turn away from following the LORD; or if to offer thereon burnt-offering or meal-offering, or if to offer sacrifices of peace-offerings thereon, let the LORD Himself require it;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.620/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:597`. - ← previous: [Joshua 22:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.22/) - next →: [Joshua 22:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.24/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/22/)