--- title: Joshua 22:8 — and spoke unto them, saying: 'Return with much wealth unto your tent… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and spoke unto them, saying: 'Return with much wealth unto your tents, and with very much cattle, with silver, and with gold, and with brass, and with iron, and with very much raiment; divide the spoil of your enemies with your brethren.' Joshua 22:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonath --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/22/) / 22:8 # Joshua 22:8 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **What happens:** speak, say, return, divide, spoil · **To what, where:** spoil, enemies · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 22:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to spoil, enemies, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר בִּנְכָסִ֨ים רַבִּ֜ים שׁ֤וּבוּ אֶל־אָֽהֳלֵיכֶם֙ וּבְמִקְנֶ֣ה רַב־מְאֹ֔ד בְּכֶ֨סֶף וּבְזָהָ֜ב וּבִנְחֹ֧שֶׁת וּבְבַרְזֶ֛ל וּבִשְׂלָמ֖וֹת הַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד חִלְק֥וּ שְׁלַל־אֹיְבֵיכֶ֖ם עִם־אֲחֵיכֶֽם׃פ [and spoke unto them, saying: 'Return with much wealth unto your tents, and with very much cattle, with silver, and with gold, and with brass, and with iron, and with very much raiment; divide the spoil of your enemies with your brethren.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.605/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:582 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר בִּנְכָסִ֨ים רַבִּ֜ים שׁ֤וּבוּ אֶל־אָֽהֳלֵיכֶם֙ וּבְמִקְנֶ֣ה רַב־מְאֹ֔ד בְּכֶ֨סֶף וּבְזָהָ֜ב וּבִנְחֹ֧שֶׁת וּבְבַרְזֶ֛ל וּבִשְׂלָמ֖וֹת הַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד חִלְק֥וּ שְׁלַל־אֹיְבֵיכֶ֖ם עִם־אֲחֵיכֶֽם׃פ # verse = JOS.22.8 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_22:8!1|MId=o060220080011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOS_22:8!1|MId=o060220080012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060220070191;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_22:8!2|MId=o060220080021|Strong=0413 4 הֶ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_22:8!2|MId=o060220080022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5-6 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 10 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JOS_22:8!3|MId=o060220080031|Strong=3807a 6 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 5 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_22:8!3|MId=o060220080032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060220070191;|Type=infinitive_construct 7-8 בִּנְכָסִ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_22:8!4|MId=o060220080041|Strong=0871a 8 נְכָסִ֨ים נְכָסִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=riches|Ref=JOS_22:8!4|MId=o060220080042|Strong=5233 9 רַבִּ֜ים רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=JOS_22:8!5|MId=o060220080051|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 10 שׁ֤וּבוּ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=return|Ref=JOS_22:8!6|MId=o060220080061|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:060220010043;060220010054;060220070013;|Type=imperative 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_22:8!7|MId=o060220080071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 אָֽהֳלֵיכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אָֽהֳלֵי אֹהֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=tents|Ref=JOS_22:8!8|MId=o060220080081|Strong=0168 13 כֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_22:8!8|MId=o060220080082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 14-16 וּבְמִקְנֶ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_22:8!9|MId=o060220080091|Strong=2050b 15 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_22:8!9|MId=o060220080092|Strong=0871a 16 מִקְנֶ֣ה מִקְנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=livestock|Ref=JOS_22:8!9|MId=o060220080093|Strong=4735 17 רַב־ רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 amod _ Gloss=much|Ref=JOS_22:8!10|MId=o060220080101|Strong=7227|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 18 מְאֹ֔ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=very|Ref=JOS_22:8!11|MId=o060220080111|Strong=3966 19-20 בְּכֶ֨סֶף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_22:8!12|MId=o060220080121|Strong=0871a 20 כֶ֨סֶף כֶּסֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=silver|Ref=JOS_22:8!12|MId=o060220080122|Strong=3701 21-23 וּבְזָהָ֜ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_22:8!13|MId=o060220080131|Strong=2050b 22 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_22:8!13|MId=o060220080132|Strong=0871a 23 זָהָ֜ב זָהָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=gold|Ref=JOS_22:8!13|MId=o060220080133|Strong=2091 24-26 וּבִנְחֹ֧שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_22:8!14|MId=o060220080141|Strong=2050b 25 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_22:8!14|MId=o060220080142|Strong=0871a 26 נְחֹ֧שֶׁת נְחֹשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=bronze|Ref=JOS_22:8!14|MId=o060220080143|Strong=5178 27-29 וּבְבַרְזֶ֛ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_22:8!15|MId=o060220080151|Strong=2050b 28 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_22:8!15|MId=o060220080152|Strong=0871a 29 בַרְזֶ֛ל בַּרְזֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=iron|Ref=JOS_22:8!15|MId=o060220080153|Strong=1270 30-32 וּבִשְׂלָמ֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_22:8!16|MId=o060220080161|Strong=2050b 31 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_22:8!16|MId=o060220080162|Strong=0871a 32 שְׂלָמ֖וֹת שַׂלְמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=garments|Ref=JOS_22:8!16|MId=o060220080163|Strong=8008 33 הַרְבֵּ֣ה רָבָה ADV _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 32 amod _ Gloss=many|Ref=JOS_22:8!17|MId=o060220080171|Strong=7235b|Type=infinitive_absolute 34 מְאֹ֑ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=very|Ref=JOS_22:8!18|MId=o060220080181|Strong=3966 35 חִלְק֥וּ חָלַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 10 parataxis _ Gloss=divide|Ref=JOS_22:8!19|MId=o060220080191|Strong=2505|Frame=A0:060220010043;060220010054;060220070013;A1:060220080201;|Type=imperative 36 שְׁלַל־ שָׁלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 obj _ Gloss=the.booty|Ref=JOS_22:8!20|MId=o060220080201|Strong=7998|SpaceAfter=No 37-38 אֹיְבֵיכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 אֹיְבֵי אָיַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.enemies|Ref=JOS_22:8!21|MId=o060220080211|Strong=0341|Type=participle_active 38 כֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_22:8!21|MId=o060220080212|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 39 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_22:8!22|MId=o060220080221|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 40-41 אֲחֵיכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 אֲחֵי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 35 obl _ Gloss=countrymen|Ref=JOS_22:8!23|MId=o060220080231|Strong=0251 41 כֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_22:8!23|MId=o060220080232|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=JOS_22:8!23|SpaceAfter=No 43 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=JOS_22:8!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | שׁוּבוּ *return* | imperative · qal | | | | | | חִלְקוּ *divide* | imperative · qal | | שְׁלַל־ *the booty* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן לְמֵימָר בְּנִכְסִין סַגִיאִין תּוּבוּ לְקִרְוֵיכוֹן וּבִבְעִירָא סַגִי לַחֲדָא בְּכַסְפָּא וּבְדַהֲבָא וּבִנְחָשָׁא וּבְפַרְזְלָא וּבִלְבוּשִׁין סַגִי לַחֲדָא פַּלִיגוֹ בִּזַת בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבֵיכוֹן עִם אֲחֵיכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and spoke unto them, saying: 'Return with much wealth unto your tents, and with very much cattle, with silver, and with gold, and with brass, and with iron, and with very much raiment; divide the spoil of your enemies with your brethren.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.605/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:582`. - ← previous: [Joshua 22:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.7/) - next →: [Joshua 22:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.9/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/22/)