--- title: Joshua 23:12 — Else if ye do in any wise go back, and cleave unto the remnant of th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Else if ye do in any wise go back, and cleave unto the remnant of these nations, even these that remain among you, and make marriages with them, and go in unto them, and they to you; Who acts: ye, marriages. Joshua 23:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/23/) / 23:12 # Joshua 23:12 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** ye, marriages · **What happens:** go back, cleave, remain, make, go in · **To what, where:** wise, marriages This is Joshua 23:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, marriages — and what happens in the verse to wise, marriages, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֣י ׀ אִם־שׁ֣וֹב תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ וּדְבַקְתֶּם֙ בְּיֶ֙תֶר֙ הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֔לֶּה הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה אִתְּכֶ֑ם וְהִֽתְחַתַּנְתֶּ֥ם בָּהֶ֛ם וּבָאתֶ֥ם בָּהֶ֖ם וְהֵ֥ם בָּכֶֽם׃ [Else if ye do in any wise go back, and cleave unto the remnant of these nations, even these that remain among you, and make marriages with them, and go in unto them, and they to you;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.643/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:620 # text = כִּ֣י ׀ אִם־שׁ֣וֹב תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ וּדְבַקְתֶּם֙ בְּיֶ֙תֶר֙ הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֔לֶּה הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה אִתְּכֶ֑ם וְהִֽתְחַתַּנְתֶּ֥ם בָּהֶ֛ם וּבָאתֶ֥ם בָּהֶ֖ם וְהֵ֥ם בָּכֶֽם׃ # verse = JOS.23.12 1 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ ExtPos=SCONJ 5 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JOS_23:12!1|MId=o060230120011|Strong=3588 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=JOS_23:12!1 3 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 1 fixed _ Gloss=if|Ref=JOS_23:12!2|MId=o060230120021|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 4 שׁ֣וֹב שׁוּב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 5 obl:npmod _ Gloss=ever.(turn.back)|Ref=JOS_23:12!3|MId=o060230120031|Strong=7725|Type=infinitive_absolute 5 תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.turn.back|Ref=JOS_23:12!4|MId=o060230120041|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:060230020041;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 וּדְבַקְתֶּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:12!5|MId=o060230120051|Strong=2050b 7 דְבַקְתֶּם֙ דָּבַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=you.will.cling|Ref=JOS_23:12!5|MId=o060230120052|Strong=1692|Frame=A0:060230020041;|Type=weqatal 8-9 בְּיֶ֙תֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_23:12!6|MId=o060230120061|Strong=0871a 9 יֶ֙תֶר֙ יֶתֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=the.remainder|Ref=JOS_23:12!6|MId=o060230120062|Strong=3499 10-11 הַגּוֹיִ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_23:12!7|MId=o060230120071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 גּוֹיִ֣ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.nations|Ref=JOS_23:12!7|MId=o060230120072|Strong=1471 12-13 הָאֵ֔לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_23:12!8|MId=o060230120081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 אֵ֔לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 11 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=JOS_23:12!8|MId=o060230120082|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 14-15 הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=[which]|Ref=JOS_23:12!9|MId=o060230120091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 נִּשְׁאָרִ֥ים שָׁאַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 11 appos _ Gloss=remain|Ref=JOS_23:12!9|MId=o060230120092|Strong=7604|Frame=A1:060230120072;|Type=participle_active 16-17 הָאֵ֖לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_23:12!10|MId=o060230120101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 אֵ֖לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 15 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=JOS_23:12!10|MId=o060230120102|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 18-19 אִתְּכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_23:12!11|MId=o060230120111|Strong=0854 19 ְכֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:12!11|MId=o060230120112|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְהִֽתְחַתַּנְתֶּ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:12!12|MId=o060230120121|Strong=2050b 21 הִֽתְחַתַּנְתֶּ֥ם חָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=you.will.intermarry|Ref=JOS_23:12!12|MId=o060230120122|Strong=2859|Frame=A0:060230020041;|Type=weqatal 22-23 בָּהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_23:12!13|MId=o060230120131|Strong=0871a 23 ָהֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_23:12!13|MId=o060230120132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24-25 וּבָאתֶ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:12!14|MId=o060230120141|Strong=2050b 25 בָאתֶ֥ם בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 21 conj _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=JOS_23:12!14|MId=o060230120142|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:060230020041;|Type=weqatal 26-27 בָּהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=JOS_23:12!15|MId=o060230120151|Strong=0871a 27 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_23:12!15|MId=o060230120152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28-29 וְהֵ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:12!16|MId=o060230120161|Strong=2050b 29 הֵ֥ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=JOS_23:12!16|MId=o060230120162|Strong=1992|Type=personal 30-31 בָּכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=JOS_23:12!17|MId=o060230120171|Strong=0871a 31 ָכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:12!17|MId=o060230120172|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JOS_23:12!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תָּשׁוּבוּ *you will turn back* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | דְבַקְתֶּם *you will cling* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | נִּשְׁאָרִים *remain* | participle active · niphal | | גּוֹיִם *the nations* | | | | הִֽתְחַתַּנְתֶּם *you will intermarry* | weqatal · hithpael | | | | | | בָאתֶם *you will go* | weqatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי אִם מֵיתַב תְּתוּבוּן וְתִדְבְּקוּן בִּשְׁאָר עַמְמַיָא הָאִלֵין דִי אִשְׁתָּאֲרוּ הָאִלֵין עִמְכוֹן וְתִתְחַתְּנוּן בְּהוֹן וְתִתְעַרְבוּן בְּהוֹן וְאִינוּן יִתְעַרְבוּן בְּכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Else if ye do in any wise go back, and cleave unto the remnant of these nations, even these that remain among you, and make marriages with them, and go in unto them, and they to you;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.643/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:620`. - ← previous: [Joshua 23:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.11/) - next →: [Joshua 23:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.13/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/23/)