--- title: Joshua 23:13 — know for a certainty that the LORD your God will no more drive these… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: know for a certainty that the LORD your God will no more drive these nations from out of your sight; but they shall be a snare and a trap unto you, and a scourge in your sides, and pricks in your eyes, until ye perish from off this good land which the LORD your God hath given you. Who acts: you, LOR --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/23/) / 23:13 # Joshua 23:13 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** you, LORD, nations, ye, your · **What happens:** know, drive, be, perish, give, sight · **To what, where:** nations, sight, snare, good land, you · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 23:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, LORD, nations, ye, your — and what happens in the verse to nations, sight, snare, good land, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יָד֙וֹעַ֙ תֵּֽדְע֔וּ כִּי֩ לֹ֨א יוֹסִ֜יף יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם לְהוֹרִ֛ישׁ אֶת־הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִלִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וְהָי֨וּ לָכֶ֜ם לְפַ֣ח וּלְמוֹקֵ֗שׁ וּלְשֹׁטֵ֤ט בְּצִדֵּיכֶם֙ וְלִצְנִנִ֣ים בְּעֵינֵיכֶ֔ם עַד־אֲבָדְכֶ֗ם מֵ֠עַל הָאֲדָמָ֤ה הַטּוֹבָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ [know for a certainty that the LORD your God will no more drive these nations from out of your sight; but they shall be a snare and a trap unto you, and a scourge in your sides, and pricks in your eyes, until ye perish from off this good land which the LORD your God hath given you.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.644/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:621 # text = יָד֙וֹעַ֙ תֵּֽדְע֔וּ כִּי֩ לֹ֨א יוֹסִ֜יף יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם לְהוֹרִ֛ישׁ אֶת־הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִלִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וְהָי֨וּ לָכֶ֜ם לְפַ֣ח וּלְמוֹקֵ֗שׁ וּלְשֹׁטֵ֤ט בְּצִדֵּיכֶם֙ וְלִצְנִנִ֣ים בְּעֵינֵיכֶ֔ם עַד־אֲבָדְכֶ֗ם מֵ֠עַל הָאֲדָמָ֤ה הַטּוֹבָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ # verse = JOS.23.13 1 יָד֙וֹעַ֙ יָדַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 obl:npmod _ Gloss=certainly.(know)|Ref=JOS_23:13!1|MId=o060230130011|Strong=3045|Type=infinitive_absolute 2 תֵּֽדְע֔וּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.know|Ref=JOS_23:13!2|MId=o060230130021|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:060230020041;A1:060230130051;|Type=yiqtol 3 כִּי֩ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=JOS_23:13!3|MId=o060230130031|Strong=3588 4 לֹ֨א לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOS_23:13!4|MId=o060230130041|Strong=3808|Type=negative 5 יוֹסִ֜יף יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=he.will.increase|Ref=JOS_23:13!5|MId=o060230130051|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:060230130061;|Type=yiqtol 6 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_23:13!6|MId=o060230130061|Strong=3068 7-8 אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אֱלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOS_23:13!7|MId=o060230130071|Strong=0430 8 כֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_23:13!7|MId=o060230130072|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 9-10 לְהוֹרִ֛ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_23:13!8|MId=o060230130081|Strong=3807a 10 הוֹרִ֛ישׁ יָרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 5 xcomp _ Gloss=dispossess|Ref=JOS_23:13!8|MId=o060230130082|Strong=3423|Frame=AA:060230130061;A0:060230130102;|Type=infinitive_construct 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_23:13!9|MId=o060230130091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הַגּוֹיִ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_23:13!10|MId=o060230130101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 גּוֹיִ֥ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=JOS_23:13!10|MId=o060230130102|Strong=1471 14-15 הָאֵ֖לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_23:13!11|MId=o060230130111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 אֵ֖לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 13 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=JOS_23:13!11|MId=o060230130112|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 16-19 מִלִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_23:13!12|MId=o060230130121|Strong=4480 17 לִּ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_23:13!12|MId=o060230130122|Strong=3807a 18 פְנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=face|Ref=JOS_23:13!12|MId=o060230130123|Strong=6440 19 כֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:13!12|MId=o060230130124|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְהָי֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:13!13|MId=o060230130131|Strong=2050b 21 הָי֨וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 25 cop _ Gloss=they.will.become|Ref=JOS_23:13!13|MId=o060230130132|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:060230130102;|Type=weqatal 22-23 לָכֶ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JOS_23:13!14|MId=o060230130141|Strong=3807a 23 ָכֶ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:13!14|MId=o060230130142|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 24-25 לְפַ֣ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(into).a|Ref=JOS_23:13!15|MId=o060230130151|Strong=3807a 25 פַ֣ח פַּח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=trap|Ref=JOS_23:13!15|MId=o060230130152|Strong=6341 26-28 וּלְמוֹקֵ֗שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and.(into)|Ref=JOS_23:13!16|MId=o060230130161|Strong=2050b 27 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=a|Ref=JOS_23:13!16|MId=o060230130162|Strong=3807a 28 מוֹקֵ֗שׁ מוֹקֵשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=snare|Ref=JOS_23:13!16|MId=o060230130163|Strong=4170 29-31 וּלְשֹׁטֵ֤ט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and.(into)|Ref=JOS_23:13!17|MId=o060230130171|Strong=2050b 30 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=a|Ref=JOS_23:13!17|MId=o060230130172|Strong=3807a 31 שֹׁטֵ֤ט שֹׁטֵט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=scourge|Ref=JOS_23:13!17|MId=o060230130173|Strong=7850 32-34 בְּצִדֵּיכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_23:13!18|MId=o060230130181|Strong=0871a 33 צִדֵּי צַד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 nmod _ Gloss=sides|Ref=JOS_23:13!18|MId=o060230130182|Strong=6654 34 כֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_23:13!18|MId=o060230130183|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 35-37 וְלִצְנִנִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:13!19|MId=o060230130191|Strong=2050b 36 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=(into)|Ref=JOS_23:13!19|MId=o060230130192|Strong=3807a 37 צְנִנִ֣ים צְנִינִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 conj _ Gloss=pricks|Ref=JOS_23:13!19|MId=o060230130193|Strong=6796 38-40 בְּעֵינֵיכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_23:13!20|MId=o060230130201|Strong=0871a 39 עֵינֵי עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 37 nmod _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=JOS_23:13!20|MId=o060230130202|Strong=5869 40 כֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_23:13!20|MId=o060230130203|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 41 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=JOS_23:13!21|MId=o060230130211|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 42-43 אֲבָדְכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 אֲבָד אָבַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 advcl _ Gloss=perish|Ref=JOS_23:13!22|MId=o060230130221|Strong=0006|Frame=A0:060230130222;|Type=infinitive_construct 43 ְכֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:13!22|MId=o060230130222|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 44-45 מֵ֠עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 מֵ֠ מִן ADP _ _ 47 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_23:13!23|MId=o060230130231|Strong=4480 45 עַל עַל ADP _ _ 47 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_23:13!23|MId=o060230130232|Strong=5921 46-47 הָאֲדָמָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 47 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_23:13!24|MId=o060230130241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 47 אֲדָמָ֤ה אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 42 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOS_23:13!24|MId=o060230130242|Strong=0127 48-49 הַטּוֹבָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 49 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_23:13!25|MId=o060230130251|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 49 טּוֹבָה֙ טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 47 amod _ Gloss=good|Ref=JOS_23:13!25|MId=o060230130252|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 50-51 הַזֹּ֔את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 51 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_23:13!26|MId=o060230130261|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 51 זֹּ֔את זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 47 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JOS_23:13!26|MId=o060230130262|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 52 אֲשֶׁר֙ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 53 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JOS_23:13!27|MId=o060230130271|Strong=0834|Type=relative 53 נָתַ֣ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 47 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.given|Ref=JOS_23:13!28|MId=o060230130281|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:060230130301;A1:060230130242;|Type=qatal 54-55 לָכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 54 ל לְ ADP _ _ 55 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_23:13!29|MId=o060230130291|Strong=3807a 55 ָכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 53 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:13!29|MId=o060230130292|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 56 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 53 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_23:13!30|MId=o060230130301|Strong=3068 57-58 אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 57 אֱלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 56 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOS_23:13!31|MId=o060230130311|Strong=0430 58 כֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 57 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_23:13!31|MId=o060230130312|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 59 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 58 punct _ Ref=JOS_23:13!31 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֵּֽדְעוּ *you will know* | yiqtol · qal | | יוֹסִיף *he will increase* | | | | **not** יוֹסִיף *he will increase* | yiqtol · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | הוֹרִישׁ *dispossess* | infinitive construct · hiphil | גּוֹיִם *nations* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | הָיוּ *they will become* | weqatal · qal | גּוֹיִם *nations* | | | | | אֲבָד *perish* | infinitive construct · qal | ְכֶם *you* | | | | | נָתַן *he has given* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | אֲדָמָה *land* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מִדַע תֵּדְעוּן אֲרֵי לָא יוֹסִיף מֵימְרָא דַייָ אֱלָהָכוֹן לְתָרָכָא יַת עַמְמַיָא הָאִלֵין מִן קֳדָמֵיכוֹן וִיהוֹן לְכוֹן לִתְבִיר וּלְתַקְלָא וּלְסִיעַן נַטְלָן זְיָן לְקִבְלֵיכוֹן וּלְמַשִׁרְיָן מַקְפַּנְכוֹן עַד דְתֵבְדוּן מֵעַל אַרְעָא טַבְתָא הָדָא דִי יְהַב לְכוֹן יְיָ אֱלָהָכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [know for a certainty that the LORD your God will no more drive these nations from out of your sight; but they shall be a snare and a trap unto you, and a scourge in your sides, and pricks in your eyes, until ye perish from off this good land which the LORD your God hath given you.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.644/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:621`. - ← previous: [Joshua 23:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.12/) - next →: [Joshua 23:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.14/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/23/)