--- title: Joshua 23:16 — When ye transgress the covenant of the LORD your God, which He comma… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: When ye transgress the covenant of the LORD your God, which He commanded you, and go and serve other gods, and worship them; then shall the anger of the LORD be kindled against you, and ye shall perish quickly from off the good land which He hath given unto you.' Who acts: ye, LORD. Joshua 23:16 in --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/23/) / 23:16 # Joshua 23:16 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** ye, LORD · **What happens:** transgress, command, go, serve, worship, kindle · **To what, where:** covenant, other gods, nations, anger, good land · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 23:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, LORD — and what happens in the verse to covenant, other gods, nations, anger, good land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּ֠עָבְרְכֶם אֶת־בְּרִ֨ית יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה אֶתְכֶם֒ וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֗ם וַעֲבַדְתֶּם֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם לָהֶ֑ם וְחָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֣ם מְהֵרָ֔ה מֵעַל֙ הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטּוֹבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר נָתַ֥ן לָכֶֽם׃פ [When ye transgress the covenant of the LORD your God, which He commanded you, and go and serve other gods, and worship them; then shall the anger of the LORD be kindled against you, and ye shall perish quickly from off the good land which He hath given unto you.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.647/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:624 # text = בְּ֠עָבְרְכֶם אֶת־בְּרִ֨ית יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה אֶתְכֶם֒ וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֗ם וַעֲבַדְתֶּם֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם לָהֶ֑ם וְחָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֣ם מְהֵרָ֔ה מֵעַל֙ הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטּוֹבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר נָתַ֥ן לָכֶֽם׃פ # verse = JOS.23.16 1-3 בְּ֠עָבְרְכֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בְּ֠ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=JOS_23:16!1|MId=o060230160011|Strong=0871a 2 עָבְר עָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 dislocated _ Gloss=transgress|Ref=JOS_23:16!1|MId=o060230160012|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:060230160013;|Type=infinitive_construct 3 ְכֶם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:16!1|MId=o060230160013|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_23:16!2|MId=o060230160021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 בְּרִ֨ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.covenant|Ref=JOS_23:16!3|MId=o060230160031|Strong=1285 6 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOS_23:16!4|MId=o060230160041|Strong=3068 7-8 אֱלֹהֵיכֶם֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אֱלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOS_23:16!5|MId=o060230160051|Strong=0430 8 כֶם֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_23:16!5|MId=o060230160052|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 9 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JOS_23:16!6|MId=o060230160061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 10 צִוָּ֣ה צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.commanded|Ref=JOS_23:16!7|MId=o060230160071|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:060230160041;A2:060230160082;A1:060230160031;|Type=qatal 11-12 אֶתְכֶם֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_23:16!8|MId=o060230160081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 ְכֶם֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:16!8|MId=o060230160082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 13-14 וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:16!9|MId=o060230160091|Strong=2050b 14 הֲלַכְתֶּ֗ם הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=JOS_23:16!9|MId=o060230160092|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060230020041;|Type=weqatal 15-16 וַעֲבַדְתֶּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:16!10|MId=o060230160101|Strong=2050b 16 עֲבַדְתֶּם֙ עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.serve|Ref=JOS_23:16!10|MId=o060230160102|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:060230020041;A1:060230160111;|Type=weqatal 17 אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obj _ Gloss=gods|Ref=JOS_23:16!11|MId=o060230160111|Strong=0430 18 אֲחֵרִ֔ים אַחֵר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 amod _ Gloss=other|Ref=JOS_23:16!12|MId=o060230160121|Strong=0312|Type=adjective 19-20 וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:16!13|MId=o060230160131|Strong=2050b 20 הִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.bow.down|Ref=JOS_23:16!13|MId=o060230160132|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:060230020041;|Type=weqatal 21-22 לָהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 ל לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_23:16!14|MId=o060230160141|Strong=3807a 22 ָהֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_23:16!14|MId=o060230160142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23-24 וְחָרָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:16!15|MId=o060230160151|Strong=2050b 24 חָרָ֤ה חָרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.burn|Ref=JOS_23:16!15|MId=o060230160152|Strong=2734|Frame=A0:060230160161;|Type=weqatal 25 אַף־ אַף NOUN _ _ 24 nsubj _ Gloss=the.anger|Ref=JOS_23:16!16|MId=o060230160161|Strong=0639|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 26 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOS_23:16!17|MId=o060230160171|Strong=3068 27-28 בָּכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_23:16!18|MId=o060230160181|Strong=0871a 28 ָכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:16!18|MId=o060230160182|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 29-30 וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_23:16!19|MId=o060230160191|Strong=2050b 30 אֲבַדְתֶּ֣ם אָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 24 conj _ Gloss=you.will.perish|Ref=JOS_23:16!19|MId=o060230160192|Strong=0006|Frame=A0:060230020041;|Type=weqatal 31 מְהֵרָ֔ה מְהֵרָה ADV _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 30 advmod _ Gloss=quickly|Ref=JOS_23:16!20|MId=o060230160201|Strong=4120 32-33 מֵעַל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_23:16!21|MId=o060230160211|Strong=4480 33 עַל֙ עַל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_23:16!21|MId=o060230160212|Strong=5921 34-35 הָאָ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_23:16!22|MId=o060230160221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 אָ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOS_23:16!22|MId=o060230160222|Strong=0776 36-37 הַטּוֹבָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_23:16!23|MId=o060230160231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 טּוֹבָ֔ה טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 35 amod _ Gloss=good|Ref=JOS_23:16!23|MId=o060230160232|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 38 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 39 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JOS_23:16!24|MId=o060230160241|Strong=0834|Type=relative 39 נָתַ֥ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 35 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.given|Ref=JOS_23:16!25|MId=o060230160251|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:060230160171;A1:060230160222;|Type=qatal 40-41 לָכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 ל לְ ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_23:16!26|MId=o060230160261|Strong=3807a 41 ָכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 39 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_23:16!26|MId=o060230160262|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=JOS_23:16!26|SpaceAfter=No 43 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=JOS_23:16!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָבְר *transgress* | infinitive construct · qal | ְכֶם *you* | | | | | צִוָּה *he commanded* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | בְּרִית *the covenant* | ְכֶם *you* | | | הֲלַכְתֶּם *you will go* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | עֲבַדְתֶּם *you will serve* | weqatal · qal | | אֱלֹהִים *gods* | | | | הִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶם *you will bow down* | weqatal | | | | | | חָרָה *it will burn* | weqatal · qal | אַף־ *the anger* | | | | | אֲבַדְתֶּם *you will perish* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | נָתַן *he has given* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | אָרֶץ *land* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּמֶעְבַּרְכוֹן יַת קְיָמָא דַייָ אֱלָהָכוֹן דְפַקֵד יַתְכוֹן וְתַהֲכוּן וְתִפְלְחוּן לְטַעֲוַת עַמְמַיָא וְתִסְגְדוּן לְהוֹן וְיִתְקֵיף רוּגְזָא דַייָ בְּכוֹן וְתֵיבְדוּן בִּפְרִיעַ מֵעַל אַרְעָא טַבְתָא דִיהַב לְכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [When ye transgress the covenant of the LORD your God, which He commanded you, and go and serve other gods, and worship them; then shall the anger of the LORD be kindled against you, and ye shall perish quickly from off the good land which He hath given unto you.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.647/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:624`. - ← previous: [Joshua 23:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.15/) - next →: [Joshua 24:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.1/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/23/)