--- title: Joshua 24:1 — And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God. Who acts: Joshua, tribes. Joshua 24:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 19 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/24/) / 24:1 # Joshua 24:1 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** Joshua, tribes · **What happens:** gather, call, present · **To what, where:** tribes, Shechem · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 24:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, tribes — and what happens in the verse to tribes, Shechem, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֶּאֶסֹ֧ף יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ אֶת־כָּל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שְׁכֶ֑מָה וַיִּקְרָא֩ לְזִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּלְרָאשָׁ֗יו וּלְשֹֽׁפְטָיו֙ וּלְשֹׁ֣טְרָ֔יו וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃ [And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.648/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:625 # text = וַיֶּאֶסֹ֧ף יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ אֶת־כָּל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שְׁכֶ֑מָה וַיִּקְרָא֩ לְזִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּלְרָאשָׁ֗יו וּלְשֹֽׁפְטָיו֙ וּלְשֹׁ֣טְרָ֔יו וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃ # verse = JOS.24.1 1-2 וַיֶּאֶסֹ֧ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:1!1|MId=o060240010011|Strong=2050b 2 יֶּאֶסֹ֧ף אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.gathered|Ref=JOS_24:1!1|MId=o060240010012|Strong=0622|Frame=A0:060240010021;A1:060240010051;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_24:1!2|MId=o060240010021|Strong=3091 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_24:1!3|MId=o060240010031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_24:1!4|MId=o060240010041|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 6 שִׁבְטֵ֥י שֵׁבֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.tribes|Ref=JOS_24:1!5|MId=o060240010051|Strong=7626 7 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JOS_24:1!6|MId=o060240010061|Strong=3478 8-9 שְׁכֶ֑מָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 שְׁכֶ֑מ שְׁכֶם PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_24:1!7|MId=o060240010071|Strong=7927a 9 ָה ה X _ _ 8 nmod _ Gloss=Shechem|Ref=JOS_24:1!7|MId=o060240010072|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 10-11 וַיִּקְרָא֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:1!8|MId=o060240010081|Strong=2050b 11 יִּקְרָא֩ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.summoned|Ref=JOS_24:1!8|MId=o060240010082|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:060240010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 12-13 לְזִקְנֵ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(to).the|Ref=JOS_24:1!9|MId=o060240010091|Strong=3807a 13 זִקְנֵ֨י זָקֵן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obl _ Gloss=elders|Ref=JOS_24:1!9|MId=o060240010092|Strong=2205|Type=adjective 14 יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JOS_24:1!10|MId=o060240010101|Strong=3478 15-18 וּלְרָאשָׁ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:1!11|MId=o060240010111|Strong=2050b 16 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JOS_24:1!11|MId=o060240010112|Strong=3807a 17 רָאשָׁ֗י רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=chiefs|Ref=JOS_24:1!11|MId=o060240010113|Strong=7218 18 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JOS_24:1!11|MId=o060240010114|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19-22 וּלְשֹֽׁפְטָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:1!12|MId=o060240010121|Strong=2050b 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JOS_24:1!12|MId=o060240010122|Strong=3807a 21 שֹֽׁפְטָי שָׁפַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=judges|Ref=JOS_24:1!12|MId=o060240010123|Strong=8199|Type=participle_active 22 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JOS_24:1!12|MId=o060240010124|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23-26 וּלְשֹׁ֣טְרָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:1!13|MId=o060240010131|Strong=2050b 24 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JOS_24:1!13|MId=o060240010132|Strong=3807a 25 שֹׁ֣טְרָ֔י שֹׁטֵר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=officials|Ref=JOS_24:1!13|MId=o060240010133|Strong=7860|Type=participle_active 26 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=JOS_24:1!13|MId=o060240010134|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27-28 וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:1!14|MId=o060240010141|Strong=2050b 28 יִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ יָצַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.presented.themselves|Ref=JOS_24:1!14|MId=o060240010142|Strong=3320|Frame=A0:060240010092;060240010113;060240010123;060240010133;060240010021;060240010051;|Type=wayyiqtol 29-30 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_24:1!15|MId=o060240010151|Strong=3807a 30 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 28 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_24:1!15|MId=o060240010152|Strong=6440 31-32 הָאֱלֹהִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_24:1!16|MId=o060240010161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 אֱלֹהִֽים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOS_24:1!16|MId=o060240010162|Strong=0430 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=JOS_24:1!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֶּאֶסֹף *he gathered* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | שִׁבְטֵי *the tribes* | | | | יִּקְרָא *he summoned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | יִּֽתְיַצְּבוּ *they presented themselves* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | זִקְנֵי *elders* + רָאשָׁי *chiefs* + שֹֽׁפְטָי *judges* + שֹׁטְרָי *officials* + יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* + שִׁבְטֵי *the tribes* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְנַשׁ יְהוֹשֻׁעַ יַת כָּל שִׁבְטַיָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל לִשְׁכֶם וּקְרָא לְסָבֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּלְרֵישׁוֹהִי וּלְדַיָנוֹהִי וּלְסַרְכוֹהִי וְאִתְעַתְּדוּ קֳדָם יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.648/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:625`. - ← previous: [Joshua 23:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.16/) - next →: [Joshua 24:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.2/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/24/)