--- title: Joshua 24:19 — And Joshua said unto the people: 'Ye cannot serve the LORD; for He i… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Joshua said unto the people: 'Ye cannot serve the LORD; for He is a holy God; He is a jealous God; He will not forgive your transgression nor your sins. Who acts: Joshua, Ye, LORD, your. Joshua 24:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/24/) / 24:19 # Joshua 24:19 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** Joshua, Ye, LORD, your · **What happens:** say, not serve, be, not forgive, transgress · **To what, where:** LORD, holy God, jealous God, transgression · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 24:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, Ye, LORD, your — and what happens in the verse to LORD, holy God, jealous God, transgression, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־הָעָ֗ם לֹ֤א תֽוּכְלוּ֙ לַעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֥ים קְדֹשִׁ֖ים ה֑וּא אֵֽל־קַנּ֣וֹא ה֔וּא לֹֽא־יִשָּׂ֥א לְפִשְׁעֲכֶ֖ם וּלְחַטֹּאותֵיכֶֽם׃ [And Joshua said unto the people: 'Ye cannot serve the LORD; for He is a holy God; He is a jealous God; He will not forgive your transgression nor your sins.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.666/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:643 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־הָעָ֗ם לֹ֤א תֽוּכְלוּ֙ לַעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֥ים קְדֹשִׁ֖ים ה֑וּא אֵֽל־קַנּ֣וֹא ה֔וּא לֹֽא־יִשָּׂ֥א לְפִשְׁעֲכֶ֖ם וּלְחַטֹּאותֵיכֶֽם׃ # verse = JOS.24.19 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:19!1|MId=o060240190011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOS_24:19!1|MId=o060240190012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060240190021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_24:19!2|MId=o060240190021|Strong=3091 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_24:19!3|MId=o060240190031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הָעָ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_24:19!4|MId=o060240190041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 עָ֗ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=JOS_24:19!4|MId=o060240190042|Strong=5971 7 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOS_24:19!5|MId=o060240190051|Strong=3808|Type=negative 8 תֽוּכְלוּ֙ יָכֹל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=you.will.be.able|Ref=JOS_24:19!6|MId=o060240190061|Strong=3201|Frame=A0:060240190042;|Type=yiqtol 9-10 לַעֲבֹ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_24:19!7|MId=o060240190071|Strong=3807a 10 עֲבֹ֣ד עָבַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 8 xcomp _ Gloss=serve|Ref=JOS_24:19!7|MId=o060240190072|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:060240190042;A1:060240190091;|Type=infinitive_construct 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_24:19!8|MId=o060240190081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 obj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_24:19!9|MId=o060240190091|Strong=3068 13 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JOS_24:19!10|MId=o060240190101|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 14 אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 advcl _ Gloss=[is].a.God|Ref=JOS_24:19!11|MId=o060240190111|Strong=0430 15 קְדֹשִׁ֖ים קָדוֹשׁ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 amod _ Gloss=holy|Ref=JOS_24:19!12|MId=o060240190121|Strong=6918|Type=adjective 16 ה֑וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JOS_24:19!13|MId=o060240190131|Strong=1931|Type=personal 17 אֵֽל־ אֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].a.God|Ref=JOS_24:19!14|MId=o060240190141|Strong=0410|SpaceAfter=No 18 קַנּ֣וֹא קַנּוֹא ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 amod _ Gloss=jealous|Ref=JOS_24:19!15|MId=o060240190151|Strong=7072|Type=adjective 19 ה֔וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JOS_24:19!16|MId=o060240190161|Strong=1931|Type=personal 20 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOS_24:19!17|MId=o060240190171|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 21 יִשָּׂ֥א נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.forgive|Ref=JOS_24:19!18|MId=o060240190181|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:060240190091;|Type=yiqtol 22-24 לְפִשְׁעֲכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_24:19!19|MId=o060240190191|Strong=3807a 23 פִשְׁע פֶּשַׁע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=transgression|Ref=JOS_24:19!19|MId=o060240190192|Strong=6588 24 ֲכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_24:19!19|MId=o060240190193|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 25-28 וּלְחַטֹּאותֵיכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:19!20|MId=o060240190201|Strong=2050b 26 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JOS_24:19!20|MId=o060240190202|Strong=3807a 27 חַטֹּאותֵי חַטָּאת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 23 conj _ Gloss=sins|Ref=JOS_24:19!20|MId=o060240190203|Strong=2403 28 כֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_24:19!20|MId=o060240190204|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=JOS_24:19!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - indirect: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | **not** תֽוּכְלוּ *you will be able* | yiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | עֲבֹד *serve* | infinitive construct · qal | עָם *people* | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | **not** יִשָּׂא *he will forgive* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לְעַמָא לָא תוּכְלוּן לְמִפְלַח קֳדָם יְיָ אֲרֵי אֱלָהָא קַדִישָׁא הוּא אֵל קַנָא הוּא מִן קֳדָם דִין דִקְשׁוֹט לָא יִשְׁבּוֹק לְחוֹבֵיכוֹן וּלְחַטָאֵיכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Joshua said unto the people: 'Ye cannot serve the LORD; for He is a holy God; He is a jealous God; He will not forgive your transgression nor your sins.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.666/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:643`. - ← previous: [Joshua 24:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.18/) - next →: [Joshua 24:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.20/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/24/)