--- title: Joshua 24:8 — And I brought you into the land of the Amorites, that dwelt beyond t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I brought you into the land of the Amorites, that dwelt beyond the Jordan; and they fought with you; and I gave them into your hand, and ye possessed their land; and I destroyed them from before you. Who acts: I, land, eyes, ye. Joshua 24:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JP --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/24/) / 24:8 # Joshua 24:8 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** I, land, eyes, ye · **What happens:** bring, dwell, fight, give, possess, destroy · **To what, where:** you, land, Jordan, eyes, hand This is Joshua 24:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, land, eyes, ye — and what happens in the verse to you, land, Jordan, eyes, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וָאָבִ֣יא אֶתְכֶ֗ם אֶל־אֶ֤רֶץ הָאֱמֹרִי֙ הַיּוֹשֵׁב֙ בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ אִתְּכֶ֑ם וָאֶתֵּ֨ן אוֹתָ֤ם בְּיֶדְכֶם֙ וַתִּֽירְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־אַרְצָ֔ם וָאַשְׁמִידֵ֖ם מִפְּנֵיכֶֽם׃ [And I brought you into the land of the Amorites, that dwelt beyond the Jordan; and they fought with you; and I gave them into your hand, and ye possessed their land; and I destroyed them from before you.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.655/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:632 # text = וָאָבִ֣יא אֶתְכֶ֗ם אֶל־אֶ֤רֶץ הָאֱמֹרִי֙ הַיּוֹשֵׁב֙ בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ אִתְּכֶ֑ם וָאֶתֵּ֨ן אוֹתָ֤ם בְּיֶדְכֶם֙ וַתִּֽירְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־אַרְצָ֔ם וָאַשְׁמִידֵ֖ם מִפְּנֵיכֶֽם׃ # verse = JOS.24.8 1-2 וָאָבִ֣יא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:8!2|MId=o060240080021|Strong=2050b 2 אָבִ֣יא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.brought|Ref=JOS_24:8!2|MId=o060240080022|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:060240070031;A0:060240080032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֶתְכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_24:8!3|MId=o060240080031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 4 ְכֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_24:8!3|MId=o060240080032|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_24:8!4|MId=o060240080041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 אֶ֤רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=JOS_24:8!5|MId=o060240080051|Strong=0776 7-8 הָאֱמֹרִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_24:8!6|MId=o060240080061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 אֱמֹרִי֙ אֱמֹרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Amorite[s]|Ref=JOS_24:8!6|MId=o060240080062|Strong=0567|Type=gentilic 9-10 הַיּוֹשֵׁב֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=JOS_24:8!7|MId=o060240080071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 יּוֹשֵׁב֙ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 8 acl:relcl _ Gloss=was].dwelling|Ref=JOS_24:8!7|MId=o060240080072|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:060240080062;|Type=participle_active 11-12 בְּעֵ֣בֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_24:8!8|MId=o060240080081|Strong=0871a 12 עֵ֣בֶר עֵבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.other.side|Ref=JOS_24:8!8|MId=o060240080082|Strong=5676 13-14 הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_24:8!9|MId=o060240080091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 יַּרְדֵּ֔ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Jordan|Ref=JOS_24:8!9|MId=o060240080092|Strong=3383 15-16 וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:8!10|MId=o060240080101|Strong=2050b 16 יִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.fought|Ref=JOS_24:8!10|MId=o060240080102|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:060240080062;|Type=wayyiqtol 17-18 אִתְּכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_24:8!11|MId=o060240080111|Strong=0854 18 ְכֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_24:8!11|MId=o060240080112|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 19-20 וָאֶתֵּ֨ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:8!12|MId=o060240080121|Strong=2050b 20 אֶתֵּ֨ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.gave|Ref=JOS_24:8!12|MId=o060240080122|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:060240070031;A1:060240080132;|Type=wayyiqtol 21-22 אוֹתָ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_24:8!13|MId=o060240080131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 22 ָ֤ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_24:8!13|MId=o060240080132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23-25 בְּיֶדְכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_24:8!14|MId=o060240080141|Strong=0871a 24 יֶד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=JOS_24:8!14|MId=o060240080142|Strong=3027 25 ְכֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_24:8!14|MId=o060240080143|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 26-27 וַתִּֽירְשׁ֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:8!15|MId=o060240080151|Strong=2050b 27 תִּֽירְשׁ֣וּ יָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.took.possession.of|Ref=JOS_24:8!15|MId=o060240080152|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:060240020101;A1:060240080171;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_24:8!16|MId=o060240080161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 אַרְצָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אַרְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOS_24:8!17|MId=o060240080171|Strong=0776 30 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_24:8!17|MId=o060240080172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 31-33 וָאַשְׁמִידֵ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_24:8!18|MId=o060240080181|Strong=2050b 32 אַשְׁמִיד שָׁמַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=JOS_24:8!18|MId=o060240080182|Strong=8045|Frame=AA:060240070031;A0:060240080183;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 ֵ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ Gloss=destroyed.them|Ref=JOS_24:8!18|MId=o060240080183|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 34-36 מִפְּנֵיכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_24:8!19|MId=o060240080191|Strong=4480 35 פְּנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 32 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_24:8!19|MId=o060240080192|Strong=6440 36 כֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_24:8!19|MId=o060240080193|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JOS_24:8!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָבִיא *I brought* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ְכֶם *you* | | | | | יּוֹשֵׁב *was\] dwelling* | participle active · qal | אֱמֹרִי *the Amorite\[s\]* | | | | | יִּֽלָּחֲמוּ *they fought* | wayyiqtol · niphal | אֱמֹרִי *the Amorite\[s\]* | | | | | אֶתֵּן *I gave* | wayyiqtol · qal | | ָם *them* | | | | תִּֽירְשׁוּ *you took possession of* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אַרְצ *land* | | | | אַשְׁמִיד *I* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵם *destroyed them* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַעֲלֵית יַתְכוֹן לַאֲרַע אֱמוֹרָאָה דְיָתֵיב בְּעִבְרָא דְיַרְדְנָא וְאַגִיחוּ קְרָבָא עִמְכוֹן וּמְסָרִית יַתְהוֹן בְּיֶדְכוֹן וִירִיתְתּוּן יַת אַרְעֲהוֹן וְשֵׁיצִיתִינוּן מִן קֳדָמֵיכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I brought you into the land of the Amorites, that dwelt beyond the Jordan; and they fought with you; and I gave them into your hand, and ye possessed their land; and I destroyed them from before you.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.655/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:632`. - ← previous: [Joshua 24:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.7/) - next →: [Joshua 24:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.9/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/24/)