--- title: Joshua 3:10 — And Joshua said: 'Hereby ye shall know that the living God is among… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Joshua said: 'Hereby ye shall know that the living God is among you, and that He will without fail drive out from before you the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Hivite, and the Perizzite, and the Girgashite, and the Amorite, and the Jebusite. Who acts: Joshua, ye, living God. Joshua 3:10 in --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/) / 3:10 # Joshua 3:10 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** Joshua, ye, living God · **What happens:** say, know, be, drive out · **To what, where:** Canaanite · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 3:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, ye, living God — and what happens in the verse to Canaanite, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ בְּזֹאת֙ תֵּֽדְע֔וּן כִּ֛י אֵ֥ל חַ֖י בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם וְהוֹרֵ֣שׁ יוֹרִ֣ישׁ מִ֠פְּנֵיכֶם אֶת־הַכְּנַעֲנִ֨י וְאֶת־הַחִתִּ֜י וְאֶת־הַחִוִּ֗י וְאֶת־הַפְּרִזִּי֙ וְאֶת־הַגִּרְגָּשִׁ֔י וְהָאֱמֹרִ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃ [And Joshua said: 'Hereby ye shall know that the living God is among you, and that He will without fail drive out from before you the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Hivite, and the Perizzite, and the Girgashite, and the Amorite, and the Jebusite.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.52/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:51 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ בְּזֹאת֙ תֵּֽדְע֔וּן כִּ֛י אֵ֥ל חַ֖י בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם וְהוֹרֵ֣שׁ יוֹרִ֣ישׁ מִ֠פְּנֵיכֶם אֶת־הַכְּנַעֲנִ֨י וְאֶת־הַחִתִּ֜י וְאֶת־הַחִוִּ֗י וְאֶת־הַפְּרִזִּי֙ וְאֶת־הַגִּרְגָּשִׁ֔י וְהָאֱמֹרִ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃ # verse = JOS.3.10 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:10!1|MId=o060030100011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOS_3:10!1|MId=o060030100012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060030100021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_3:10!2|MId=o060030100021|Strong=3091 4-5 בְּזֹאת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=JOS_3:10!3|MId=o060030100031|Strong=0871a 5 זֹאת֙ זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 6 obl _ Gloss=this|Ref=JOS_3:10!3|MId=o060030100032|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 6-7 תֵּֽדְע֔וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 תֵּֽדְע֔וּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_3:10!4|MId=o060030100041|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:060030090041;A1:060030100082;060030100101;|Type=yiqtol 7 ן נ X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=will.know|Ref=JOS_3:10!4|MId=o060030100042|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 8 כִּ֛י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=JOS_3:10!5|MId=o060030100051|Strong=3588 9 אֵ֥ל אֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOS_3:10!6|MId=o060030100061|Strong=0410 10 חַ֖י חַי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 amod _ Gloss=living|Ref=JOS_3:10!7|MId=o060030100071|Strong=2416a|Type=adjective 11-13 בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=[is].in|Ref=JOS_3:10!8|MId=o060030100081|Strong=0871a 12 קִרְבּ קֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 ccomp _ Gloss=midst|Ref=JOS_3:10!8|MId=o060030100082|Strong=7130 13 ְכֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_3:10!8|MId=o060030100083|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 14-15 וְהוֹרֵ֣שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:10!9|MId=o060030100091|Strong=2050b 15 הוֹרֵ֣שׁ יָרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 16 obl:npmod _ Gloss=completely.(dispossess)|Ref=JOS_3:10!9|MId=o060030100092|Strong=3423|Type=infinitive_absolute 16 יוֹרִ֣ישׁ יָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 conj _ Gloss=he.will.dispossess|Ref=JOS_3:10!10|MId=o060030100101|Strong=3423|Frame=AA:060030100061;A0:060030100132;060030100152;060030100172;060030100192;060030100212;060030100223;060030100233;|Type=yiqtol 17-19 מִ֠פְּנֵיכֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִ֠ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_3:10!11|MId=o060030100111|Strong=4480 18 פְּנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_3:10!11|MId=o060030100112|Strong=6440 19 כֶם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_3:10!11|MId=o060030100113|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 20 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:10!12|MId=o060030100121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 הַכְּנַעֲנִ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:10!13|MId=o060030100131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 כְּנַעֲנִ֨י כְּנַעֲנִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=Canaanite[s]|Ref=JOS_3:10!13|MId=o060030100132|Strong=3669|Type=gentilic 23-24 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:10!14|MId=o060030100141|Strong=2050b 24 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:10!14|MId=o060030100142|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 25-26 הַחִתִּ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:10!15|MId=o060030100151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 חִתִּ֜י חִתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=Hittite[s]|Ref=JOS_3:10!15|MId=o060030100152|Strong=2850|Type=gentilic 27-28 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:10!16|MId=o060030100161|Strong=2050b 28 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:10!16|MId=o060030100162|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 29-30 הַחִוִּ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:10!17|MId=o060030100171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 חִוִּ֗י חִוִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=Hivite[s]|Ref=JOS_3:10!17|MId=o060030100172|Strong=2340|Type=gentilic 31-32 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:10!18|MId=o060030100181|Strong=2050b 32 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:10!18|MId=o060030100182|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 33-34 הַפְּרִזִּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:10!19|MId=o060030100191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 פְּרִזִּי֙ פְּרִזִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=Perizzite[s]|Ref=JOS_3:10!19|MId=o060030100192|Strong=6522|Type=gentilic 35-36 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:10!20|MId=o060030100201|Strong=2050b 36 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:10!20|MId=o060030100202|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 37-38 הַגִּרְגָּשִׁ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:10!21|MId=o060030100211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 גִּרְגָּשִׁ֔י גִּרְגָּשִׁי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=Girgashite[s]|Ref=JOS_3:10!21|MId=o060030100212|Strong=1622|Type=gentilic 39-41 וְהָאֱמֹרִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:10!22|MId=o060030100221|Strong=2050b 40 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 41 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:10!22|MId=o060030100222|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 41 אֱמֹרִ֖י אֱמֹרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=Amorite[s]|Ref=JOS_3:10!22|MId=o060030100223|Strong=0567|Type=gentilic 42-44 וְהַיְבוּסִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 44 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:10!23|MId=o060030100231|Strong=2050b 43 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 44 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:10!23|MId=o060030100232|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 44 יְבוּסִֽי יְבוּסִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=Jebusite[s]|Ref=JOS_3:10!23|MId=o060030100233|Strong=2983|Type=gentilic 45 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 44 punct _ Ref=JOS_3:10!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - indirect: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | תֵּֽדְעוּ *you* | yiqtol · qal | | קִרְבּ *midst* + יוֹרִישׁ *he will dispossess* | | | | יוֹרִישׁ *he will dispossess* | yiqtol · hiphil | כְּנַעֲנִי *Canaanite\[s\]* + חִתִּי *Hittite\[s\]* + חִוִּי *Hivite\[s\]* + פְּרִזִּי *Perizzite\[s\]* + גִּרְגָּשִׁי *Girgashite\[s\]* + אֱמֹרִי *Amorite\[s\]* + יְבוּסִֽי *Jebusite\[s\]* | | | אֵל *God* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בְּדָא תֵדְעוּן אֲרֵי אֱלָהּ קַיָם אִתְרְעֵי לְאַשְׁרָאָה שְׁכִנְתֵּיהּ בְּינֵיכוֹן וּתְרָכָא יְתָרֵךְ מִן קָדָמֵיכוֹן יַת כְּנַעֲנָאֵי וְיַת חִתָּאֵי וְיַת חִוָאֵי וְיַת פְּרִיזָאֵי וְיַת גִרְגְשָׁאֵי וֶאֱמוֹרָאֵי וִיבוּסָאֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Joshua said: 'Hereby ye shall know that the living God is among you, and that He will without fail drive out from before you the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Hivite, and the Perizzite, and the Girgashite, and the Amorite, and the Jebusite.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.52/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:51`. - ← previous: [Joshua 3:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.9/) - next →: [Joshua 3:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.11/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/)