--- title: Joshua 3:11 — Behold, the ark of the covenant of the Lord of all the earth passeth… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Behold, the ark of the covenant of the Lord of all the earth passeth on before you over the Jordan. Who acts: ark, Lord. Joshua 3:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/) / 3:11 # Joshua 3:11 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** ark, Lord · **What happens:** pass on, covenant · **To what, where:** Jordan This is Joshua 3:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ark, Lord — and what happens in the verse to Jordan, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִנֵּה֙ אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֔ית אֲד֖וֹן כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ עֹבֵ֥ר לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם בַּיַּרְדֵּֽן׃ [Behold, the ark of the covenant of the Lord of all the earth passeth on before you over the Jordan.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.53/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:52 # text = הִנֵּה֙ אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֔ית אֲד֖וֹן כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ עֹבֵ֥ר לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם בַּיַּרְדֵּֽן׃ # verse = JOS.3.11 1 הִנֵּה֙ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 9 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=JOS_3:11!1|MId=o060030110011|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 2 אֲר֣וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=JOS_3:11!2|MId=o060030110021|Strong=0727 3-4 הַבְּרִ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_3:11!3|MId=o060030110031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 בְּרִ֔ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.covenant|Ref=JOS_3:11!3|MId=o060030110032|Strong=1285 5 אֲד֖וֹן אָדֹון NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.lord|Ref=JOS_3:11!4|MId=o060030110041|Strong=0113 6 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.all|Ref=JOS_3:11!5|MId=o060030110051|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 הָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:11!6|MId=o060030110061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=earth|Ref=JOS_3:11!6|MId=o060030110062|Strong=0776 9 עֹבֵ֥ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[is].about.to.pass.on|Ref=JOS_3:11!7|MId=o060030110071|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:060030110021;|Type=participle_active 10-12 לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_3:11!8|MId=o060030110081|Strong=3807a 11 פְנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 9 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_3:11!8|MId=o060030110082|Strong=6440 12 כֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_3:11!8|MId=o060030110083|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 13-15 בַּיַּרְדֵּֽן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_3:11!9|MId=o060030110091|Strong=0871a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:11!9|MId=o060030110091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 יַּרְדֵּֽן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=Jordan|Ref=JOS_3:11!9|MId=o060030110092|Strong=3383 16 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=JOS_3:11!9 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹבֵר *\[is\] about to pass on* | participle active · qal | אֲרוֹן *the ark* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הָא אֲרוֹן קְיָמָא דְרִבּוֹן כָּל אַרְעָא עֲבַר קֳדָמֵיכוֹן בְּיַרְדְנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Behold, the ark of the covenant of the Lord of all the earth passeth on before you over the Jordan.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.53/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:52`. - ← previous: [Joshua 3:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.10/) - next →: [Joshua 3:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.12/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/)