--- title: Joshua 3:13 — And it shall come to pass, when the soles of the feet of the priests… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it shall come to pass, when the soles of the feet of the priests that bear the ark of the LORD, the Lord of all the earth, shall rest in the waters of the Jordan, that the waters of the Jordan shall be cut off, even the waters that come down from above; and they shall stand in one heap.' Who act --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/) / 3:13 # Joshua 3:13 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** space, priests, soles, waters · **What happens:** come, pass, bear, rest, cut off, come down · **To what, where:** ark, waters, one heap This is Joshua 3:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — space, priests, soles, waters — and what happens in the verse to ark, waters, one heap, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָיָ֡ה כְּנ֣וֹחַ כַּפּ֣וֹת רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים נֹשְׂאֵי֩ אֲר֨וֹן יְהוָ֜ה אֲד֤וֹן כָּל־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ בְּמֵ֣י הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן מֵ֤י הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ יִכָּ֣רֵת֔וּן הַמַּ֥יִם הַיֹּרְדִ֖ים מִלְמָ֑עְלָה וְיַעַמְד֖וּ נֵ֥ד אֶחָֽד׃ [And it shall come to pass, when the soles of the feet of the priests that bear the ark of the LORD, the Lord of all the earth, shall rest in the waters of the Jordan, that the waters of the Jordan shall be cut off, even the waters that come down from above; and they shall stand in one heap.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.55/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:54 # text = וְהָיָ֡ה כְּנ֣וֹחַ כַּפּ֣וֹת רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים נֹשְׂאֵי֩ אֲר֨וֹן יְהוָ֜ה אֲד֤וֹן כָּל־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ בְּמֵ֣י הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן מֵ֤י הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ יִכָּ֣רֵת֔וּן הַמַּ֥יִם הַיֹּרְדִ֖ים מִלְמָ֑עְלָה וְיַעַמְד֖וּ נֵ֥ד אֶחָֽד׃ # verse = JOS.3.13 1-2 וְהָיָ֡ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:13!1|MId=o060030130011|Strong=2050b 2 הָיָ֡ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=JOS_3:13!1|MId=o060030130012|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 3-4 כְּנ֣וֹחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=JOS_3:13!2|MId=o060030130021|Strong=3509a 4 נ֣וֹחַ נוּחַ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 0 root _ Gloss=as.rest|Ref=JOS_3:13!2|MId=o060030130022|Strong=5117|Frame=A0:060030130031;|Type=infinitive_construct 5 כַּפּ֣וֹת כַּף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=the.soles|Ref=JOS_3:13!3|MId=o060030130031|Strong=3709 6 רַגְלֵ֣י רֶגֶל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.feet|Ref=JOS_3:13!4|MId=o060030130041|Strong=7272 7-8 הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_3:13!5|MId=o060030130051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 כֹּהֲנִ֡ים כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.priests|Ref=JOS_3:13!5|MId=o060030130052|Strong=3548 9 נֹשְׂאֵי֩ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 8 appos _ Gloss=[who].carry|Ref=JOS_3:13!6|MId=o060030130061|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:060030130052;A1:060030130071;|Type=participle_active 10 אֲר֨וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).the.ark|Ref=JOS_3:13!7|MId=o060030130071|Strong=0727 11 יְהוָ֜ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOS_3:13!8|MId=o060030130081|Strong=3068 12 אֲד֤וֹן אָדֹון NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 appos _ Gloss=the.lord|Ref=JOS_3:13!9|MId=o060030130091|Strong=0113 13 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.all|Ref=JOS_3:13!10|MId=o060030130101|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:13!11|MId=o060030130111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 אָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=earth|Ref=JOS_3:13!11|MId=o060030130112|Strong=0776 16-17 בְּמֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_3:13!12|MId=o060030130121|Strong=0871a 17 מֵ֣י מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obl _ Gloss=the.waters|Ref=JOS_3:13!12|MId=o060030130122|Strong=4325 18-19 הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_3:13!13|MId=o060030130131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 יַּרְדֵּ֔ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Jordan|Ref=JOS_3:13!13|MId=o060030130132|Strong=3383 20 מֵ֤י מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Gloss=the.waters|Ref=JOS_3:13!14|MId=o060030130141|Strong=4325 21-22 הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_3:13!15|MId=o060030130151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 יַּרְדֵּן֙ יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Jordan|Ref=JOS_3:13!15|MId=o060030130152|Strong=3383 23-24 יִכָּ֣רֵת֔וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 יִכָּ֣רֵת֔וּ כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they|Ref=JOS_3:13!16|MId=o060030130161|Strong=3772|Frame=A1:060030130141;|Type=yiqtol 24 ן נ X _ _ 23 nmod _ Gloss=will.be.cut.off|Ref=JOS_3:13!16|MId=o060030130162|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 25-26 הַמַּ֥יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:13!17|MId=o060030130171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 מַּ֥יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 34 dislocated _ Gloss=waters|Ref=JOS_3:13!17|MId=o060030130172|Strong=4325 27-28 הַיֹּרְדִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=[which|Ref=JOS_3:13!18|MId=o060030130181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 יֹּרְדִ֖ים יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 26 acl:relcl _ Gloss=are].coming.down|Ref=JOS_3:13!18|MId=o060030130182|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:060030130172;|Type=participle_active 29-32 מִלְמָ֑עְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_3:13!19|MId=o060030130191|Strong=4480 30 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_3:13!19|MId=o060030130192|Strong=3807a 31 מָ֑עְל מַעַל ADV _ _ 28 obl _ Gloss=above|Ref=JOS_3:13!19|MId=o060030130193|Strong=4605 32 ָה ה X _ _ 31 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_3:13!19|MId=o060030130194|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 33-34 וְיַעַמְד֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:13!20|MId=o060030130201|Strong=2050b 34 יַעַמְד֖וּ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.stand|Ref=JOS_3:13!20|MId=o060030130202|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:060030130172;|Type=yiqtol 35 נֵ֥ד נֵד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 obl _ Gloss=a.heap|Ref=JOS_3:13!21|MId=o060030130211|Strong=5067 36 אֶחָֽד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=JOS_3:13!22|MId=o060030130221|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=JOS_3:13!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נוֹחַ *as rest* | infinitive construct · qal | כַּפּוֹת *the soles* | | | | | נֹשְׂאֵי *\[who\] carry* | participle active · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *the priests* | אֲרוֹן *(of) the ark* | | | | יִכָּרֵתוּ *they* | yiqtol · niphal | | מֵי *the waters* | | | | יֹּרְדִים *are\] coming down* | participle active · qal | מַּיִם *waters* | | | | | יַעַמְדוּ *they will stand* | yiqtol · qal | מַּיִם *waters* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיהֵי כִּמְנָח פַּרְסַת רִגְלֵי כַהֲנַיָא נַטְלֵי אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ רִבּוֹן כָּל אַרְעָא בְּמֵי יַרְדְנָא מֵי יַרְדְנָא יִפְסְקוּן מַיָא דְנַחֲתִין מִלְעֵילָא וִיקוּמוּן רוּקְבָא חָד: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it shall come to pass, when the soles of the feet of the priests that bear the ark of the LORD, the Lord of all the earth, shall rest in the waters of the Jordan, that the waters of the Jordan shall be cut off, even the waters that come down from above; and they shall stand in one heap.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.55/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:54`. - ← previous: [Joshua 3:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.12/) - next →: [Joshua 3:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.14/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/)