--- title: Joshua 3:3 — and they commanded the people, saying: 'When ye see the ark of the c… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and they commanded the people, saying: 'When ye see the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, and the priests the Levites bearing it, then ye shall remove from your place, and go after it. Who acts: officers, ye, priests, LORD. Joshua 3:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/) / 3:3 # Joshua 3:3 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** officers, ye, priests, LORD · **What happens:** command, say, see, bear, remove, go · **To what, where:** people, ark, covenant, place · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 3:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — officers, ye, priests, LORD — and what happens in the verse to people, ark, covenant, place, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְצַוּוּ֮ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם לֵאמֹר֒ כִּרְאֽוֹתְכֶ֗ם אֵ֣ת אֲר֤וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם וְהַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם נֹשְׂאִ֖ים אֹת֑וֹ וְאַתֶּ֗ם תִּסְעוּ֙ מִמְּק֣וֹמְכֶ֔ם וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֖ם אַחֲרָֽיו׃ [and they commanded the people, saying: 'When ye see the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, and the priests the Levites bearing it, then ye shall remove from your place, and go after it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.45/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:44 # text = וַיְצַוּוּ֮ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם לֵאמֹר֒ כִּרְאֽוֹתְכֶ֗ם אֵ֣ת אֲר֤וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם וְהַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם נֹשְׂאִ֖ים אֹת֑וֹ וְאַתֶּ֗ם תִּסְעוּ֙ מִמְּק֣וֹמְכֶ֔ם וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֖ם אַחֲרָֽיו׃ # verse = JOS.3.3 1-2 וַיְצַוּוּ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:3!1|MId=o060030030011|Strong=2050b 2 יְצַוּוּ֮ צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.commanded|Ref=JOS_3:3!1|MId=o060030030012|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:060030020062;A1:060030030032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:3!2|MId=o060030030021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 הָעָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:3!3|MId=o060030030031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עָ֣ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=JOS_3:3!3|MId=o060030030032|Strong=5971 6-7 לֵאמֹר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 27 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JOS_3:3!4|MId=o060030030041|Strong=3807a 7 אמֹר֒ אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 6 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_3:3!4|MId=o060030030042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060030020062;|Type=infinitive_construct 8-10 כִּרְאֽוֹתְכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=JOS_3:3!5|MId=o060030030051|Strong=3509a 9 רְאֽוֹת רָאָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 27 dislocated _ Gloss=as|Ref=JOS_3:3!5|MId=o060030030052|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:060030030053;A1:060030030071;060030030131;|Type=infinitive_construct 10 ְכֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ Gloss=you.see|Ref=JOS_3:3!5|MId=o060030030053|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 11 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:3!6|MId=o060030030061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 אֲר֤וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=JOS_3:3!7|MId=o060030030071|Strong=0727 13 בְּרִית־ בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.covenant|Ref=JOS_3:3!8|MId=o060030030081|Strong=1285|SpaceAfter=No 14 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOS_3:3!9|MId=o060030030091|Strong=3068 15-16 אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֱלֹ֣הֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOS_3:3!10|MId=o060030030101|Strong=0430 16 כֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_3:3!10|MId=o060030030102|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 17-19 וְהַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:3!11|MId=o060030030111|Strong=2050b 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:3!11|MId=o060030030112|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 כֹּֽהֲנִים֙ כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ Gloss=priests|Ref=JOS_3:3!11|MId=o060030030113|Strong=3548 20-21 הַלְוִיִּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:3!12|MId=o060030030121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 לְוִיִּ֔ם לֵוִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 appos _ Gloss=Levites|Ref=JOS_3:3!12|MId=o060030030122|Strong=3881|Type=gentilic 22 נֹשְׂאִ֖ים נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 12 conj _ Gloss=carrying|Ref=JOS_3:3!13|MId=o060030030131|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:060030030113;A1:060030030142;|Type=participle_active 23-24 אֹת֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_3:3!14|MId=o060030030141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 24 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_3:3!14|MId=o060030030142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25-26 וְאַתֶּ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:3!15|MId=o060030030151|Strong=2050b 26 אַתֶּ֗ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_3:3!15|MId=o060030030152|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 27 תִּסְעוּ֙ נָסַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=you.will.set.out|Ref=JOS_3:3!16|MId=o060030030161|Strong=5265|Frame=A0:060030030152;|Type=yiqtol 28-30 מִמְּק֣וֹמְכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_3:3!17|MId=o060030030171|Strong=4480 29 מְּק֣וֹמ מָקוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=place|Ref=JOS_3:3!17|MId=o060030030172|Strong=4725 30 ְכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JOS_3:3!17|MId=o060030030173|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 31-32 וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:3!18|MId=o060030030181|Strong=2050b 32 הֲלַכְתֶּ֖ם הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 27 conj _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=JOS_3:3!18|MId=o060030030182|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060030030032;|Type=weqatal 33-34 אַחֲרָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 אַחֲרָֽי אַחַר ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=behind|Ref=JOS_3:3!19|MId=o060030030191|Strong=0310 34 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOS_3:3!19|MId=o060030030192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=JOS_3:3!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - indirect: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְצַוּוּ *they commanded* | wayyiqtol · piel | | עָם *people* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | רְאֽוֹת *as* | infinitive construct · qal | ְכֶם *you see* | אֲרוֹן *the ark* + נֹשְׂאִים *carrying* | | | | נֹשְׂאִים *carrying* | participle active · qal | כֹּֽהֲנִים *priests* | וֹ *it* | | | | תִּסְעוּ *you will set out* | yiqtol · qal | אַתֶּם *you* | | | | | הֲלַכְתֶּם *you will go* | weqatal · qal | עָם *people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּפַקֵידוּ יַת עַמָא לְמֵימָר בְּמֶחְזֵיכוֹן יַת אֲרוֹן קְיָמָא דַייָ אֱלָהָכוֹן וְכֹהֲנַיָא לְוָאֵי נַטְלִין יָתֵיהּ וְאַתּוּן תִּטְלוּן מֵאַתְרֵיכוֹן וּתְהָכוּן בַּתְרוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and they commanded the people, saying: 'When ye see the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, and the priests the Levites bearing it, then ye shall remove from your place, and go after it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.45/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:44`. - ← previous: [Joshua 3:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.2/) - next →: [Joshua 3:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.4/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/)