--- title: Joshua 3:6 — And Joshua spoke unto the priests, saying: 'Take up the ark of the c… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Joshua spoke unto the priests, saying: 'Take up the ark of the covenant, and pass on before the people.' And they took up the ark of the covenant, and went before the people. Who acts: Joshua, people. Joshua 3:6 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/) / 3:6 # Joshua 3:6 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** Joshua, people · **What happens:** speak, say, take up, pass on, go · **To what, where:** ark · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 3:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, people — and what happens in the verse to ark, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ אֶל־הַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים לֵאמֹ֔ר שְׂאוּ֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֔ית וְעִבְר֖וּ לִפְנֵ֣י הָעָ֑ם וַיִּשְׂאוּ֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֔ית וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָֽם׃ס [And Joshua spoke unto the priests, saying: 'Take up the ark of the covenant, and pass on before the people.' And they took up the ark of the covenant, and went before the people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.48/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:47 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ אֶל־הַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים לֵאמֹ֔ר שְׂאוּ֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֔ית וְעִבְר֖וּ לִפְנֵ֣י הָעָ֑ם וַיִּשְׂאוּ֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֔ית וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָֽם׃ס # verse = JOS.3.6 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:6!1|MId=o060030060011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOS_3:6!1|MId=o060030060012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060030060021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_3:6!2|MId=o060030060021|Strong=3091 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_3:6!3|MId=o060030060031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:6!4|MId=o060030060041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 כֹּהֲנִ֣ים כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=priests|Ref=JOS_3:6!4|MId=o060030060042|Strong=3548 7-8 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 9 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JOS_3:6!5|MId=o060030060051|Strong=3807a 8 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_3:6!5|MId=o060030060052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060030060021;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 שְׂאוּ֙ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=lift.up|Ref=JOS_3:6!6|MId=o060030060061|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:060030060042;A1:060030060081;|Type=imperative 10 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:6!7|MId=o060030060071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 11 אֲר֣וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=JOS_3:6!8|MId=o060030060081|Strong=0727 12-13 הַבְּרִ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_3:6!9|MId=o060030060091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 בְּרִ֔ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.covenant|Ref=JOS_3:6!9|MId=o060030060092|Strong=1285 14-15 וְעִבְר֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:6!10|MId=o060030060101|Strong=2050b 15 עִבְר֖וּ עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 9 conj _ Gloss=pass.over|Ref=JOS_3:6!10|MId=o060030060102|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:060030060042;|Type=imperative 16-17 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_3:6!11|MId=o060030060111|Strong=3807a 17 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 15 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_3:6!11|MId=o060030060112|Strong=6440 18-19 הָעָ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:6!12|MId=o060030060121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 עָ֑ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=JOS_3:6!12|MId=o060030060122|Strong=5971 20-21 וַיִּשְׂאוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:6!13|MId=o060030060131|Strong=2050b 21 יִּשְׂאוּ֙ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.lifted.up|Ref=JOS_3:6!13|MId=o060030060132|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:060030060042;A1:060030060151;|Type=wayyiqtol 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:6!14|MId=o060030060141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 23 אֲר֣וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=JOS_3:6!15|MId=o060030060151|Strong=0727 24-25 הַבְּרִ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_3:6!16|MId=o060030060161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 בְּרִ֔ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.covenant|Ref=JOS_3:6!16|MId=o060030060162|Strong=1285 26-27 וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:6!17|MId=o060030060171|Strong=2050b 27 יֵּלְכ֖וּ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=JOS_3:6!17|MId=o060030060172|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060030060042;|Type=wayyiqtol 28-29 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_3:6!18|MId=o060030060181|Strong=3807a 29 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 27 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_3:6!18|MId=o060030060182|Strong=6440 30-31 הָעָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:6!19|MId=o060030060191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 עָֽם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=JOS_3:6!19|MId=o060030060192|Strong=5971 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JOS_3:6!19|SpaceAfter=No 33 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=JOS_3:6!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | שְׂאוּ *lift up* | imperative · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | אֲרוֹן *the ark* | | | | עִבְרוּ *pass over* | imperative · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | | יִּשְׂאוּ *they lifted up* | wayyiqtol · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | אֲרוֹן *the ark* | | | | יֵּלְכוּ *they went* | wayyiqtol · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לְכַהֲנַיָא לְמֵימָר טוּלוּ יַת אֲרוֹן קְיָמָא וַעֲבַרוּ קֳדָם עַמָא וּנְטָלוּ יַת אֲרוֹנָא דִקְיָמָא וַאֲזַלוּ קֳדָם עַמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Joshua spoke unto the priests, saying: 'Take up the ark of the covenant, and pass on before the people.' And they took up the ark of the covenant, and went before the people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.48/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:47`. - ← previous: [Joshua 3:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.5/) - next →: [Joshua 3:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.7/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/)