--- title: Joshua 3:8 — And thou shalt command the priests that bear the ark of the covenant… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And thou shalt command the priests that bear the ark of the covenant, saying: When ye are come to the brink of the waters of the Jordan, ye shall stand still in the Jordan.' Who acts: thou, priests, ye. Joshua 3:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/) / 3:8 # Joshua 3:8 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** thou, priests, ye · **What happens:** command, bear, say, come, stand · **To what, where:** priests, ark, brink, Jordan · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 3:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, priests, ye — and what happens in the verse to priests, ark, brink, Jordan, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאַתָּ֗ה תְּצַוֶּה֙ אֶת־הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים נֹשְׂאֵ֥י אֲרֽוֹן־הַבְּרִ֖ית לֵאמֹ֑ר כְּבֹאֲכֶ֗ם עַד־קְצֵה֙ מֵ֣י הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן בַּיַּרְדֵּ֖ן תַּעֲמֹֽדוּ׃פ [And thou shalt command the priests that bear the ark of the covenant, saying: When ye are come to the brink of the waters of the Jordan, ye shall stand still in the Jordan.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.50/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:49 # text = וְאַתָּ֗ה תְּצַוֶּה֙ אֶת־הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים נֹשְׂאֵ֥י אֲרֽוֹן־הַבְּרִ֖ית לֵאמֹ֑ר כְּבֹאֲכֶ֗ם עַד־קְצֵה֙ מֵ֣י הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן בַּיַּרְדֵּ֖ן תַּעֲמֹֽדוּ׃פ # verse = JOS.3.8 1-2 וְאַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_3:8!1|MId=o060030080011|Strong=2050b 2 אַתָּ֗ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOS_3:8!1|MId=o060030080012|Strong=0859|Type=personal 3 תְּצַוֶּה֙ צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.command|Ref=JOS_3:8!2|MId=o060030080021|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:060030080012;A1:060030080042;|Type=yiqtol 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_3:8!3|MId=o060030080031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:8!4|MId=o060030080041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 כֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=priests|Ref=JOS_3:8!4|MId=o060030080042|Strong=3548 7 נֹשְׂאֵ֥י נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 6 appos _ Gloss=[who].carry|Ref=JOS_3:8!5|MId=o060030080051|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:060030080042;A1:060030080061;|Type=participle_active 8 אֲרֽוֹן־ אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).the.ark|Ref=JOS_3:8!6|MId=o060030080061|Strong=0727|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הַבְּרִ֖ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_3:8!7|MId=o060030080071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 בְּרִ֖ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.covenant|Ref=JOS_3:8!7|MId=o060030080072|Strong=1285 11-12 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 24 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JOS_3:8!8|MId=o060030080081|Strong=3807a 12 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_3:8!8|MId=o060030080082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060030070041;|Type=infinitive_construct 13-15 כְּבֹאֲכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=JOS_3:8!9|MId=o060030080091|Strong=3509a 14 בֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 advcl _ Gloss=as|Ref=JOS_3:8!9|MId=o060030080092|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:060030080093;|Type=infinitive_construct 15 ֲכֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=you.come|Ref=JOS_3:8!9|MId=o060030080093|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 16 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_3:8!10|MId=o060030080101|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 17 קְצֵה֙ קָצֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=the.edge|Ref=JOS_3:8!11|MId=o060030080111|Strong=7097 18 מֵ֣י מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.waters|Ref=JOS_3:8!12|MId=o060030080121|Strong=4325 19-20 הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JOS_3:8!13|MId=o060030080131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 יַּרְדֵּ֔ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Jordan|Ref=JOS_3:8!13|MId=o060030080132|Strong=3383 21-23 בַּיַּרְדֵּ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_3:8!14|MId=o060030080141|Strong=0871a 22 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_3:8!14|MId=o060030080141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 יַּרְדֵּ֖ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 24 obl _ Gloss=Jordan|Ref=JOS_3:8!14|MId=o060030080142|Strong=3383 24 תַּעֲמֹֽדוּ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 3 ccomp _ Gloss=you.will.stand.still|Ref=JOS_3:8!15|MId=o060030080151|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:060030080042;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JOS_3:8!15|SpaceAfter=No 26 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=JOS_3:8!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - indirect: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תְּצַוֶּה *you will command* | yiqtol · piel | אַתָּה *you* | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | נֹשְׂאֵי *\[who\] carry* | participle active · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | אֲרֽוֹן־ *(of) the ark* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | בֹא *as* | infinitive construct · qal | ֲכֶם *you come* | | | | | תַּעֲמֹֽדוּ *you will stand still* | yiqtol · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַתְּ תְּפַקֵד יַת כַּהֲנַיָא נַטְלֵי אֲרוֹנָא דִקְיָמָא לְמֵימָר כְּמִמְטֵיכוֹן עַד קְצַת מֵי יַרְדְנָא בְּיַרְדְנָא תְּקוּמוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And thou shalt command the priests that bear the ark of the covenant, saying: When ye are come to the brink of the waters of the Jordan, ye shall stand still in the Jordan.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.50/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:49`. - ← previous: [Joshua 3:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.7/) - next →: [Joshua 3:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.9/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/)