--- title: Joshua 5:14 — And he said: 'Nay, but I am captain of the host of the LORD; I am no… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said: 'Nay, but I am captain of the host of the LORD; I am now come.' And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and bowed down, and said unto him: 'What saith my lord unto his servant?' Who acts: Joshua, I. Joshua 5:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.5.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/5/) / 5:14 # Joshua 5:14 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** Joshua, I · **What happens:** say, be, come, fall, bow down · **To what, where:** captain, face, lord · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 5:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, I — and what happens in the verse to captain, face, lord, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ לֹ֗א כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י שַׂר־צְבָֽא־יְהוָ֖ה עַתָּ֣ה בָ֑אתִי וַיִּפֹּל֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ אֶל־פָּנָ֥יו אַ֙רְצָה֙ וַיִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֔וֹ מָ֥ה אֲדֹנִ֖י מְדַבֵּ֥ר אֶל־עַבְדּֽוֹ׃ [And he said: 'Nay, but I am captain of the host of the LORD; I am now come.' And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and bowed down, and said unto him: 'What saith my lord unto his servant?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.97/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:96 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ לֹ֗א כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י שַׂר־צְבָֽא־יְהוָ֖ה עַתָּ֣ה בָ֑אתִי וַיִּפֹּל֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ אֶל־פָּנָ֥יו אַ֙רְצָה֙ וַיִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֔וֹ מָ֥ה אֲדֹנִ֖י מְדַבֵּ֥ר אֶל־עַבְדּֽוֹ׃ # verse = JOS.5.14 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_5:14!1|MId=o060050140011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOS_5:14!1|MId=o060050140012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060050130091;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=JOS_5:14!1 4 לֹ֗א לֹא ADV _ _ 2 ccomp _ Gloss=no|Ref=JOS_5:14!2|MId=o060050140021|Strong=3808|Type=negative 5 כִּ֛י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JOS_5:14!3|MId=o060050140031|Strong=3588 6 אֲנִ֥י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=JOS_5:14!4|MId=o060050140041|Strong=0589|Type=personal 7 שַׂר־ שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 advcl _ Gloss=[am].the.commander|Ref=JOS_5:14!5|MId=o060050140051|Strong=8269|SpaceAfter=No 8 צְבָֽא־ צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.army|Ref=JOS_5:14!6|MId=o060050140061|Strong=6635|SpaceAfter=No 9 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOS_5:14!7|MId=o060050140071|Strong=3068 10 עַתָּ֣ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=JOS_5:14!8|MId=o060050140081|Strong=6258 11 בָ֑אתִי בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 parataxis _ Gloss=I.have.come|Ref=JOS_5:14!9|MId=o060050140091|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:060050130091;|Type=qatal 12-13 וַיִּפֹּל֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_5:14!10|MId=o060050140101|Strong=2050b 13 יִּפֹּל֩ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.fell|Ref=JOS_5:14!10|MId=o060050140102|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:060050140111;|Type=wayyiqtol 14 יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 13 nsubj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_5:14!11|MId=o060050140111|Strong=3091 15 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_5:14!12|MId=o060050140121|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 פָּנָ֥יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 פָּנָ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 13 obl _ Gloss=face|Ref=JOS_5:14!13|MId=o060050140131|Strong=6440 17 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JOS_5:14!13|MId=o060050140132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 אַ֙רְצָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אַ֙רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=JOS_5:14!14|MId=o060050140141|Strong=0776 19 ָה֙ ה X _ _ 18 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=JOS_5:14!14|MId=o060050140142|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 20-21 וַיִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_5:14!15|MId=o060050140151|Strong=2050b 21 יִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.bowed.down|Ref=JOS_5:14!15|MId=o060050140152|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:060050140111;|Type=wayyiqtol 22-23 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_5:14!16|MId=o060050140161|Strong=2050b 23 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOS_5:14!16|MId=o060050140162|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060050140111;|Type=wayyiqtol 24-25 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 ל לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_5:14!17|MId=o060050140171|Strong=3807a 25 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=JOS_5:14!17|MId=o060050140172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26 מָ֥ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 29 obj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=JOS_5:14!18|MId=o060050140181|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 27-28 אֲדֹנִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 אֲדֹנ אָדֹון NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Gloss=lord|Ref=JOS_5:14!19|MId=o060050140191|Strong=0113 28 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[is].my|Ref=JOS_5:14!19|MId=o060050140192|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 29 מְדַבֵּ֥ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 23 ccomp _ Gloss=saying|Ref=JOS_5:14!20|MId=o060050140201|Strong=1696|Frame=A1:060050140181;A0:060050140191;|Type=participle_active 30 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JOS_5:14!21|MId=o060050140211|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 31-32 עַבְדּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=servant|Ref=JOS_5:14!22|MId=o060050140221|Strong=5650 32 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JOS_5:14!22|MId=o060050140222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=JOS_5:14!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | בָאתִי *I have come* | qatal · qal | | | | | | יִּפֹּל *he fell* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | יִּשְׁתָּחוּ *he bowed down* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | מְדַבֵּר *saying* | participle active · piel | אֲדֹנ *lord* | מָה *what?* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לָא אֲרֵי אֲנָא מַלְאַךְ שְׁלִיחַ מִן קֳדָם יְיָ כְּעַן אֲתֵיתִי וּנְפַל יְהוֹשֻׁעַ עַל אַפּוֹהִי עַל אַרְעָא וּסְגִיד וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ מַה רִבּוֹנִי מְמַלֵיל עִם עַבְדֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said: 'Nay, but I am captain of the host of the LORD; I am now come.' And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and bowed down, and said unto him: 'What saith my lord unto his servant?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.97/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:96`. - ← previous: [Joshua 5:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.5.13/) - next →: [Joshua 5:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.5.15/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/5/)