--- title: Joshua 5:6 — For the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, til… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, till all the nation, even the men of war that came forth out of Egypt, were consumed, because they hearkened not unto the voice of the LORD; unto whom the LORD swore that He would not let them see the land which the LORD swore unto the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.5.6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/5/) / 5:6 # Joshua 5:6 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** children, men, LORD, land · **What happens:** walk, come, consume, not hearken, swear, not let · **To what, where:** wilderness, Egypt, nation, children, land, us This is Joshua 5:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, men, LORD, land — and what happens in the verse to wilderness, Egypt, nation, children, land, us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֣י ׀ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֗ה הָלְכ֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ בַּמִּדְבָּר֒ עַד־תֹּ֨ם כָּל־הַגּ֜וֹי אַנְשֵׁ֤י הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ הַיֹּצְאִ֣ים מִמִּצְרַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־שָׁמְע֖וּ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֤ע יְהוָה֙ לָהֶ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֞י הַרְאוֹתָ֣ם אֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֩ נִשְׁבַּ֨ע יְהוָ֤ה לַֽאֲבוֹתָם֙ לָ֣תֶת לָ֔נוּ אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָֽשׁ׃ [For the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, till all the nation, even the men of war that came forth out of Egypt, were consumed, because they hearkened not unto the voice of the LORD; unto whom the LORD swore that He would not let them see the land which the LORD swore unto their fathers that He would give us, a land flowing with milk and honey.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.89/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:88 # text = כִּ֣י ׀ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֗ה הָלְכ֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ בַּמִּדְבָּר֒ עַד־תֹּ֨ם כָּל־הַגּ֜וֹי אַנְשֵׁ֤י הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ הַיֹּצְאִ֣ים מִמִּצְרַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־שָׁמְע֖וּ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֤ע יְהוָה֙ לָהֶ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֞י הַרְאוֹתָ֣ם אֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֩ נִשְׁבַּ֨ע יְהוָ֤ה לַֽאֲבוֹתָם֙ לָ֣תֶת לָ֔נוּ אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָֽשׁ׃ # verse = JOS.5.6 1 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JOS_5:6!1|MId=o060050060011|Strong=3588 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=JOS_5:6!1 3 אַרְבָּעִ֣ים אַרְבַּע NUM _ Number=Plur 4 nummod _ Gloss=forty|Ref=JOS_5:6!2|MId=o060050060021|Strong=0705|Type=cardinal_number 4 שָׁנָ֗ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=JOS_5:6!3|MId=o060050060031|Strong=8141 5 הָלְכ֣וּ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.had.walked|Ref=JOS_5:6!4|MId=o060050060041|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060050060051;|Type=qatal 6 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=JOS_5:6!5|MId=o060050060051|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 7 יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=JOS_5:6!6|MId=o060050060061|Strong=3478 8-10 בַּמִּדְבָּר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOS_5:6!7|MId=o060050060071|Strong=0871a 9 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_5:6!7|MId=o060050060071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 מִּדְבָּר֒ מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=JOS_5:6!7|MId=o060050060072|Strong=4057 11 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=JOS_5:6!8|MId=o060050060081|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 12 תֹּ֨ם תָּמַם VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 5 advcl _ Gloss=was.finished|Ref=JOS_5:6!9|MId=o060050060091|Strong=8552|Frame=A0:060050060112;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_5:6!10|MId=o060050060101|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הַגּ֜וֹי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_5:6!11|MId=o060050060111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 גּ֜וֹי גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=nation|Ref=JOS_5:6!11|MId=o060050060112|Strong=1471 16 אַנְשֵׁ֤י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 appos _ Gloss=the.men|Ref=JOS_5:6!12|MId=o060050060121|Strong=0376 17-18 הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JOS_5:6!13|MId=o060050060131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 מִּלְחָמָה֙ מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=war|Ref=JOS_5:6!13|MId=o060050060132|Strong=4421 19-20 הַיֹּצְאִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=[who].came|Ref=JOS_5:6!14|MId=o060050060141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 יֹּצְאִ֣ים יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 16 appos _ Gloss=out|Ref=JOS_5:6!14|MId=o060050060142|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:060050060121;|Type=participle_active 21-22 מִמִּצְרַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_5:6!15|MId=o060050060151|Strong=4480 22 מִּצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=JOS_5:6!15|MId=o060050060152|Strong=4714 23 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=JOS_5:6!16|MId=o060050060161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 24 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOS_5:6!17|MId=o060050060171|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 25 שָׁמְע֖וּ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.had.listened|Ref=JOS_5:6!18|MId=o060050060181|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:060050060112;|Type=qatal 26-27 בְּק֣וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_5:6!19|MId=o060050060191|Strong=0871a 27 ק֣וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=the.voice|Ref=JOS_5:6!19|MId=o060050060192|Strong=6963 28 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOS_5:6!20|MId=o060050060201|Strong=3068 29 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=JOS_5:6!21|MId=o060050060211|Strong=0834|Type=relative 30 נִשְׁבַּ֤ע שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.sworn|Ref=JOS_5:6!22|MId=o060050060221|Strong=7650|Frame=A0:060050060231;|Type=qatal 31 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 30 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_5:6!23|MId=o060050060231|Strong=3068 32-33 לָהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 ל לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_5:6!24|MId=o060050060241|Strong=3807a 33 ָהֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_5:6!24|MId=o060050060242|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 34-35 לְבִלְתִּ֞י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_5:6!25|MId=o060050060251|Strong=3807a 35 בִלְתִּ֞י בֵּלֶת ADP _ _ 36 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOS_5:6!25|MId=o060050060252|Strong=1115 36-37 הַרְאוֹתָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 הַרְאוֹת רָאָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 30 xcomp _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_5:6!26|MId=o060050060261|Strong=7200|Frame=AA:060050060231;A0:060050060262;A1:060050060282;|Type=infinitive_construct 37 ָ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obj _ Gloss=let.them.to.see|Ref=JOS_5:6!26|MId=o060050060262|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 38 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_5:6!27|MId=o060050060271|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 39-40 הָאָ֗רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 40 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_5:6!28|MId=o060050060281|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 40 אָ֗רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 36 xcomp _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOS_5:6!28|MId=o060050060282|Strong=0776 41 אֲשֶׁר֩ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 42 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JOS_5:6!29|MId=o060050060291|Strong=0834|Type=relative 42 נִשְׁבַּ֨ע שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 40 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.sworn|Ref=JOS_5:6!30|MId=o060050060301|Strong=7650|Frame=A0:060050060311;|Type=qatal 43 יְהוָ֤ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 42 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_5:6!31|MId=o060050060311|Strong=3068 44-46 לַֽאֲבוֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 45 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_5:6!32|MId=o060050060321|Strong=3807a 45 אֲבוֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 42 obl _ Gloss=fathers|Ref=JOS_5:6!32|MId=o060050060322|Strong=0001 46 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_5:6!32|MId=o060050060323|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 47-48 לָ֣תֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47 לָ֣ לְ ADP _ _ 48 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_5:6!33|MId=o060050060331|Strong=3807a 48 תֶת נָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 42 xcomp _ Gloss=give|Ref=JOS_5:6!33|MId=o060050060332|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:060050060311;A1:060050060282;|Type=infinitive_construct 49-50 לָ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49 ל לְ ADP _ _ 50 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOS_5:6!34|MId=o060050060341|Strong=3807a 50 ָ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 48 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=JOS_5:6!34|MId=o060050060342|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 51 אֶ֛רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 40 appos _ Gloss=a.land|Ref=JOS_5:6!35|MId=o060050060351|Strong=0776 52 זָבַ֥ת זוּב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 51 acl:relcl _ Gloss=flowing|Ref=JOS_5:6!36|MId=o060050060361|Strong=2100|Frame=A0:060050060351;|Type=participle_active 53 חָלָ֖ב חָלָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 52 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.milk|Ref=JOS_5:6!37|MId=o060050060371|Strong=2461 54-55 וּדְבָֽשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 54 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 55 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_5:6!38|MId=o060050060381|Strong=2050b 55 דְבָֽשׁ דְּבַשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 53 conj _ Gloss=honey|Ref=JOS_5:6!38|MId=o060050060382|Strong=1706 56 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 55 punct _ Ref=JOS_5:6!38 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָלְכוּ *they had walked* | qatal · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | תֹּם *was finished* | infinitive construct · qal | גּוֹי *nation* | | | | | יֹּצְאִים *out* | participle active · qal | אַנְשֵׁי *the men* | | | | | **not** שָׁמְעוּ *they had listened* | qatal · qal | גּוֹי *nation* | | | | | נִשְׁבַּע *he had sworn* | qatal · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | הַרְאוֹת *to* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָם *let them to see* | אָרֶץ *land* | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | נִשְׁבַּע *he had sworn* | qatal · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | תֶת *give* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | זָבַת *flowing* | participle active · qal | אֶרֶץ *a land* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי אַרְבְּעִין שְׁנִין הֲלִיכוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמַדְבְּרָא עַד דְסָף כָּל עַמָא גַבְרֵי מְגִיחֵי קְרָבָא דִנְפַקוּ מִמִצְרַיִם דְלָא קַבִּילוּ לְמֵימְרָא דַייָ דְקַיֵם יְיָ לְהוֹן בְּדִיל דְלָא לְאַחֲזָיוּתְהוֹן יַת אַרְעָא דְקַיֵם יְיָ לַאֲבָהַתְהוֹן לְמִתַן לָנָא אַרְעָא עַבְדָא חֲלַב וּדְבָשׁ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, till all the nation, even the men of war that came forth out of Egypt, were consumed, because they hearkened not unto the voice of the LORD; unto whom the LORD swore that He would not let them see the land which the LORD swore unto their fathers that He would give us, a land flowing with milk and honey.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.89/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:88`. - ← previous: [Joshua 5:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.5.5/) - next →: [Joshua 5:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.5.7/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/5/)