--- title: Joshua 6:13 — And the seven priests bearing the seven rams' horns before the ark o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the seven priests bearing the seven rams' horns before the ark of the LORD went on continually, and blew with the horns; and the armed men went before them; and the rearward came after the ark of the LORD, the priests blowing with the horns continually. Who acts: seven priests, armed men, rearwa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.6.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/6/) / 6:13 # Joshua 6:13 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** seven priests, armed men, rearward, priests · **What happens:** bear, go on, blow, go, come · **To what, where:** horns This is Joshua 6:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — seven priests, armed men, rearward, priests — and what happens in the verse to horns, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְשִׁבְעָ֣ה הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים נֹשְׂאִים֩ שִׁבְעָ֨ה שׁוֹפְר֜וֹת הַיֹּבְלִ֗ים לִפְנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֔ה הֹלְכִ֣ים הָל֔וֹךְ וְתָקְע֖וּ בַּשּׁוֹפָר֑וֹת וְהֶחָלוּץ֙ הֹלֵ֣ךְ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם וְהַֽמְאַסֵּ֗ף הֹלֵךְ֙ אַֽחֲרֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֔ה הָל֖וֹךְ וְתָק֥וֹעַ בַּשּׁוֹפָרֽוֹת׃ [And the seven priests bearing the seven rams' horns before the ark of the LORD went on continually, and blew with the horns; and the armed men went before them; and the rearward came after the ark of the LORD, the priests blowing with the horns continually.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.112/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:110 # text = וְשִׁבְעָ֣ה הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים נֹשְׂאִים֩ שִׁבְעָ֨ה שׁוֹפְר֜וֹת הַיֹּבְלִ֗ים לִפְנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֔ה הֹלְכִ֣ים הָל֔וֹךְ וְתָקְע֖וּ בַּשּׁוֹפָר֑וֹת וְהֶחָלוּץ֙ הֹלֵ֣ךְ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם וְהַֽמְאַסֵּ֗ף הֹלֵךְ֙ אַֽחֲרֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֔ה הָל֖וֹךְ וְתָק֥וֹעַ בַּשּׁוֹפָרֽוֹת׃ # verse = JOS.6.13 1-2 וְשִׁבְעָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_6:13!1|MId=o060060130011|Strong=2050b 2 שִׁבְעָ֣ה שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=JOS_6:13!1|MId=o060060130012|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 3-4 הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_6:13!2|MId=o060060130021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 כֹּהֲנִ֡ים כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ Gloss=priests|Ref=JOS_6:13!2|MId=o060060130022|Strong=3548 5 נֹשְׂאִים֩ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 4 appos _ Gloss=[who.were].carrying|Ref=JOS_6:13!3|MId=o060060130031|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:060060130022;A1:060060130051;|Type=participle_active 6 שִׁבְעָ֨ה שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=JOS_6:13!4|MId=o060060130041|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 7 שׁוֹפְר֜וֹת שֹׁופָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obj _ Gloss=the.trumpets|Ref=JOS_6:13!5|MId=o060060130051|Strong=7782 8-9 הַיֹּבְלִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JOS_6:13!6|MId=o060060130061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 יֹּבְלִ֗ים יוֹבֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=rams'.horns|Ref=JOS_6:13!6|MId=o060060130062|Strong=3104 10-11 לִפְנֵי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_6:13!7|MId=o060060130071|Strong=3807a 11 פְנֵי֙ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_6:13!7|MId=o060060130072|Strong=6440 12 אֲר֣וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=JOS_6:13!8|MId=o060060130081|Strong=0727 13 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOS_6:13!9|MId=o060060130091|Strong=3068 14 הֹלְכִ֣ים הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[were].walking|Ref=JOS_6:13!10|MId=o060060130101|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060060130022;|Type=participle_active 15 הָל֔וֹךְ הָלַךְ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 obl:npmod _ Gloss=steadily.(walk)|Ref=JOS_6:13!11|MId=o060060130111|Strong=1980|Type=infinitive_absolute 16-17 וְתָקְע֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_6:13!12|MId=o060060130121|Strong=2050b 17 תָקְע֖וּ תָּקַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 14 conj _ Gloss=they.gave.blasts|Ref=JOS_6:13!12|MId=o060060130122|Strong=8628|Frame=A0:060060130022;|Type=weqatal 18-20 בַּשּׁוֹפָר֑וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_6:13!13|MId=o060060130131|Strong=0871a 19 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_6:13!13|MId=o060060130131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 שּׁוֹפָר֑וֹת שֹׁופָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=trumpets|Ref=JOS_6:13!13|MId=o060060130132|Strong=7782 21-23 וְהֶחָלוּץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_6:13!14|MId=o060060130141|Strong=2050b 22 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the.equipped|Ref=JOS_6:13!14|MId=o060060130142|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 חָלוּץ֙ חָלַץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=[man]|Ref=JOS_6:13!14|MId=o060060130143|Strong=2502a|Type=participle_passive 24 הֹלֵ֣ךְ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=[was].walking|Ref=JOS_6:13!15|MId=o060060130151|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060060130143;|Type=participle_active 25-27 לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=JOS_6:13!16|MId=o060060130161|Strong=3807a 26 פְנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 24 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_6:13!16|MId=o060060130162|Strong=6440 27 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_6:13!16|MId=o060060130163|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28-30 וְהַֽמְאַסֵּ֗ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_6:13!17|MId=o060060130171|Strong=2050b 29 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_6:13!17|MId=o060060130172|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 מְאַסֵּ֗ף אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ Gloss=rearguard|Ref=JOS_6:13!17|MId=o060060130173|Strong=0622|Type=participle_active 31 הֹלֵךְ֙ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=[was].walking|Ref=JOS_6:13!18|MId=o060060130181|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060060130173;|Type=participle_active 32 אַֽחֲרֵי֙ אַחַר ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=behind|Ref=JOS_6:13!19|MId=o060060130191|Strong=0310 33 אֲר֣וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=JOS_6:13!20|MId=o060060130201|Strong=0727 34 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOS_6:13!21|MId=o060060130211|Strong=3068 35 הָל֖וֹךְ הָלַךְ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 37 parataxis _ Gloss=walking|Ref=JOS_6:13!23|MId=o060060130231|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:060060130022;|Type=infinitive_absolute 36-37 וְתָק֥וֹעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_6:13!24|MId=o060060130241|Strong=2050b 37 תָק֥וֹעַ תָּקַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 31 advcl _ Gloss=giving.blasts|Ref=JOS_6:13!24|MId=o060060130242|Strong=8628|Frame=A0:060060130022;|Type=infinitive_absolute 38-40 בַּשּׁוֹפָרֽוֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_6:13!25|MId=o060060130251|Strong=0871a 39 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 40 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_6:13!25|MId=o060060130251ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 40 שּׁוֹפָרֽוֹת שֹׁופָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 37 obl _ Gloss=trumpets|Ref=JOS_6:13!25|MId=o060060130252|Strong=7782 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=JOS_6:13!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נֹשְׂאִים *\[who were\] carrying* | participle active · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | שׁוֹפְרוֹת *the trumpets* | | | | הֹלְכִים *\[were\] walking* | participle active · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | | תָקְעוּ *they gave blasts* | weqatal · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | | הֹלֵךְ *\[was\] walking* | participle active · qal | חָלוּץ *\[man\]* | | | | | הֹלֵךְ *\[was\] walking* | participle active · qal | מְאַסֵּף *rearguard* | | | | | הָלוֹךְ *walking* | infinitive absolute · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | | תָקוֹעַ *giving blasts* | infinitive absolute · qal | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְשִׁבְעָא כַהֲנַיָא נְסִיבוּ שִׁבְעָא שׁוֹפָרַיָא דְקֶרֶן דִכְרַיָא קֳדָם אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ אָזְלִין מֵיזַל וְתָקְעִין בְּשׁוֹפָרַיָא וּמְזָרְזֵי חֵילָא אָזְלִין קֳדָמֵיהוֹן וְשִׁבְטָא דְבֵית דָן אָזֵיל בָּתַר אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ וְכַהֲנַיָא אָזְלִין וְתָקְעִין בְּשׁוֹפָרַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the seven priests bearing the seven rams' horns before the ark of the LORD went on continually, and blew with the horns; and the armed men went before them; and the rearward came after the ark of the LORD, the priests blowing with the horns continually.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.112/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:110`. - ← previous: [Joshua 6:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.6.12/) - next →: [Joshua 6:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.6.14/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/6/)