--- title: Joshua 7:25 — And Joshua said: 'Why hast thou troubled us? the LORD shall trouble… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Joshua said: 'Why hast thou troubled us? the LORD shall trouble thee this day.' And all Israel stoned him with stones; and they burned them with fire, and stoned them with stones. Who acts: Joshua, thou, LORD, Israel. Joshua 7:25 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.7.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/7/) / 7:25 # Joshua 7:25 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** Joshua, thou, LORD, Israel, messengers · **What happens:** say, trouble, stone, burn · **To what, where:** us, thee, Joshua, mantle · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Joshua 7:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, thou, LORD, Israel, messengers — and what happens in the verse to us, thee, Joshua, mantle, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ מֶ֣ה עֲכַרְתָּ֔נוּ יַעְכֳּרְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וַיִּרְגְּמ֨וּ אֹת֤וֹ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶ֔בֶן וַיִּשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתָם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּסְקְל֥וּ אֹתָ֖ם בָּאֲבָנִֽים׃ [And Joshua said: 'Why hast thou troubled us? the LORD shall trouble thee this day.' And all Israel stoned him with stones; and they burned them with fire, and stoned them with stones.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.153/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:149 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ מֶ֣ה עֲכַרְתָּ֔נוּ יַעְכֳּרְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וַיִּרְגְּמ֨וּ אֹת֤וֹ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶ֔בֶן וַיִּשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתָם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּסְקְל֥וּ אֹתָ֖ם בָּאֲבָנִֽים׃ # verse = JOS.7.25 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_7:25!1|MId=o060070250011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOS_7:25!1|MId=o060070250012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:060070250021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_7:25!2|MId=o060070250021|Strong=3091 4 מֶ֣ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 5 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=JOS_7:25!3|MId=o060070250031|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 5-6 עֲכַרְתָּ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 עֲכַרְתָּ֔ עָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=have|Ref=JOS_7:25!4|MId=o060070250041|Strong=5916|Frame=A0:060070240041;A1:060070250042;|Type=qatal 6 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ Gloss=you.brought.trouble.to.us|Ref=JOS_7:25!4|MId=o060070250042|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 7-8 יַעְכֳּרְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 יַעְכֳּר עָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=he|Ref=JOS_7:25!5|MId=o060070250051|Strong=5916|Frame=A1:060070250052;A0:060070250061;|Type=yiqtol 8 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ Gloss=will.bring.trouble.to.you|Ref=JOS_7:25!5|MId=o060070250052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 9 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOS_7:25!6|MId=o060070250061|Strong=3068 10-12 בַּיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_7:25!7|MId=o060070250071|Strong=0871a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_7:25!7|MId=o060070250071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=JOS_7:25!7|MId=o060070250072|Strong=3117 13-14 הַזֶּ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_7:25!8|MId=o060070250081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 זֶּ֑ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 12 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=JOS_7:25!8|MId=o060070250082|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 15-16 וַיִּרְגְּמ֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_7:25!9|MId=o060070250091|Strong=2050b 16 יִּרְגְּמ֨וּ רָגַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.stoned|Ref=JOS_7:25!9|MId=o060070250092|Strong=7275|Frame=A1:060070250102;A0:060070250121;|Type=wayyiqtol 17-18 אֹת֤וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_7:25!10|MId=o060070250101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 18 ֤וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=JOS_7:25!10|MId=o060070250102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_7:25!11|MId=o060070250111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 20 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JOS_7:25!12|MId=o060070250121|Strong=3478 21 אֶ֔בֶן אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=stone[s]|Ref=JOS_7:25!13|MId=o060070250131|Strong=0068 22-23 וַיִּשְׂרְפ֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_7:25!14|MId=o060070250141|Strong=2050b 23 יִּשְׂרְפ֤וּ שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.burned|Ref=JOS_7:25!14|MId=o060070250142|Strong=8313|Frame=A0:060070250121;A1:060070250152;|Type=wayyiqtol 24-25 אֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_7:25!15|MId=o060070250151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 25 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_7:25!15|MId=o060070250152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 26-28 בָּאֵ֔שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_7:25!16|MId=o060070250161|Strong=0871a 27 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_7:25!16|MId=o060070250161ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 אֵ֔שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=JOS_7:25!16|MId=o060070250162|Strong=0784 29-30 וַיִּסְקְל֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_7:25!17|MId=o060070250171|Strong=2050b 30 יִּסְקְל֥וּ סָקַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.stoned|Ref=JOS_7:25!17|MId=o060070250172|Strong=5619|Frame=A0:060070250121;A1:060070250182;|Type=wayyiqtol 31-32 אֹתָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JOS_7:25!18|MId=o060070250181|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 32 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_7:25!18|MId=o060070250182|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 33-35 בָּאֲבָנִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_7:25!19|MId=o060070250191|Strong=0871a 34 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_7:25!19|MId=o060070250191ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 אֲבָנִֽים אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 30 obl _ Gloss=stones|Ref=JOS_7:25!19|MId=o060070250192|Strong=0068 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=JOS_7:25!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | עֲכַרְתָּ *have* | qatal · qal | | נוּ *you brought trouble to us* | | | | יַעְכֳּר *he* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ְךָ *will bring trouble to you* | | | | יִּרְגְּמוּ *they stoned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | וֹ *him* | | | | יִּשְׂרְפוּ *they burned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | ָם *them* | | | | יִּסְקְלוּ *they stoned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | ָם *them* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ מָה עַכַרְתָּנָא יַעְכְּרִינָךְ יְיָ בְּיוֹמָא הָדֵין וּרְגָמוּ יָתֵיהּ כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּאַבְנַיָא וְאוֹקִידוּ יַתְהוֹן בְּנוּרָא בָּתַר דִרְגִימוּ יַתְהוֹן בְּאַבְנַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Joshua said: 'Why hast thou troubled us? the LORD shall trouble thee this day.' And all Israel stoned him with stones; and they burned them with fire, and stoned them with stones.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.153/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:149`. - ← previous: [Joshua 7:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.7.24/) - next →: [Joshua 7:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.7.26/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/7/)