--- title: Joshua 8:25 — And all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thous… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai. Who acts: all. Joshua 8:25 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/8/) / 8:25 # Joshua 8:25 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** all · **What happens:** fall, be · **To what, where:** twelve thousand This is Joshua 8:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — all — and what happens in the verse to twelve thousand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִי֩ כָל־הַנֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ מֵאִ֣ישׁ וְעַד־אִשָּׁ֔ה שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אָ֑לֶף כֹּ֖ל אַנְשֵׁ֥י הָעָֽי׃ [And all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.180/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:175 # text = וַיְהִי֩ כָל־הַנֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ מֵאִ֣ישׁ וְעַד־אִשָּׁ֔ה שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אָ֑לֶף כֹּ֖ל אַנְשֵׁ֥י הָעָֽי׃ # verse = JOS.8.25 1-2 וַיְהִי֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_8:25!1|MId=o060080250011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֩ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JOS_8:25!1|MId=o060080250012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:060080250032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_8:25!2|MId=o060080250021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 הַנֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=[those|Ref=JOS_8:25!3|MId=o060080250031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 נֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=who].fell|Ref=JOS_8:25!3|MId=o060080250032|Strong=5307|Type=participle_active 6-8 בַּיּ֤וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOS_8:25!4|MId=o060080250041|Strong=0871a 7 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_8:25!4|MId=o060080250041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יּ֤וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=JOS_8:25!4|MId=o060080250042|Strong=3117 9-10 הַהוּא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOS_8:25!5|MId=o060080250051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 הוּא֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=JOS_8:25!5|MId=o060080250052|Strong=1931|Type=personal 11-12 מֵאִ֣ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOS_8:25!6|MId=o060080250061|Strong=4480 12 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ Gloss=man|Ref=JOS_8:25!6|MId=o060080250062|Strong=0376 13-14 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_8:25!7|MId=o060080250071|Strong=2050b 14 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=unto|Ref=JOS_8:25!7|MId=o060080250072|Strong=5704 15 אִשָּׁ֔ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=woman|Ref=JOS_8:25!8|MId=o060080250081|Strong=0802 16 שְׁנֵ֥ים שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 0 root _ Gloss=[were].two.plus|Ref=JOS_8:25!9|MId=o060080250091|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 17 עָשָׂ֖ר עָשָׂר NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 flat _ Gloss=ten|Ref=JOS_8:25!10|MId=o060080250101|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 18 אָ֑לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 16 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=JOS_8:25!11|MId=o060080250111|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 19 כֹּ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 parataxis _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_8:25!12|MId=o060080250121|Strong=3605 20 אַנְשֵׁ֥י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=JOS_8:25!13|MId=o060080250131|Strong=0376 21-22 הָעָֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JOS_8:25!14|MId=o060080250141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 עָֽי עַי PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Ai|Ref=JOS_8:25!14|MId=o060080250142|Strong=5857 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=JOS_8:25!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | נֹּפְלִים *who\] fell* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲווֹ כָּל דְאִתְקְטָלוּ בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא מִגְבַר וְעַד אִתְּתָא תְּרֵי עֲשַׂר אַלְפִין כֹּל אֱנָשֵׁי עָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.180/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:175`. - ← previous: [Joshua 8:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.24/) - next →: [Joshua 8:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.26/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/8/)