--- title: Joshua 8:26 — For Joshua drew not back his hand, wherewith he stretched out the ja… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For Joshua drew not back his hand, wherewith he stretched out the javelin, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai. Who acts: Joshua. Joshua 8:26 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.26/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/8/) / 8:26 # Joshua 8:26 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** Joshua · **What happens:** not draw back, stretch out, destroy · **To what, where:** hand, javelin, inhabitants This is Joshua 8:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua — and what happens in the verse to hand, javelin, inhabitants, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וִיהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ לֹֽא־הֵשִׁ֣יב יָד֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָטָ֖ה בַּכִּיד֑וֹן עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶחֱרִ֔ים אֵ֖ת כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָעָֽי׃ [For Joshua drew not back his hand, wherewith he stretched out the javelin, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.181/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:176 # text = וִיהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ לֹֽא־הֵשִׁ֣יב יָד֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָטָ֖ה בַּכִּיד֑וֹן עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶחֱרִ֔ים אֵ֖ת כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָעָֽי׃ # verse = JOS.8.26 1-2 וִיהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_8:26!1|MId=o060080260011|Strong=2050b 2 יהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=JOS_8:26!1|MId=o060080260012|Strong=3091 3 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOS_8:26!2|MId=o060080260021|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 4 הֵשִׁ֣יב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.drew.back|Ref=JOS_8:26!3|MId=o060080260031|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:060080260012;A0:060080260041;|Type=qatal 5-6 יָד֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=JOS_8:26!4|MId=o060080260041|Strong=3027 6 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JOS_8:26!4|MId=o060080260042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 8 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JOS_8:26!5|MId=o060080260051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 8 נָטָ֖ה נָטָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.stretched.out|Ref=JOS_8:26!6|MId=o060080260061|Strong=5186|Frame=A0:060080260012;A1:060080260041;|Type=qatal 9-11 בַּכִּיד֑וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JOS_8:26!7|MId=o060080260071|Strong=0871a 10 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOS_8:26!7|MId=o060080260071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 כִּיד֑וֹן כִּידוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=javelin|Ref=JOS_8:26!7|MId=o060080260072|Strong=3591 12 עַ֚ד עַד ADP _ _ 4 parataxis _ Gloss=until|Ref=JOS_8:26!8|MId=o060080260081|Strong=5704 13 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=JOS_8:26!9|MId=o060080260091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 14 הֶחֱרִ֔ים חָרַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 parataxis _ Gloss=he.had.totally.destroyed|Ref=JOS_8:26!10|MId=o060080260101|Strong=2763|Frame=AA:060080260012;A0:060080260131;|Type=qatal 15 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JOS_8:26!11|MId=o060080260111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_8:26!12|MId=o060080260121|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 17 יֹשְׁבֵ֥י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.inhabitants|Ref=JOS_8:26!13|MId=o060080260131|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 18-19 הָעָֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=JOS_8:26!14|MId=o060080260141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 עָֽי עַי PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Ai|Ref=JOS_8:26!14|MId=o060080260142|Strong=5857 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=JOS_8:26!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** הֵשִׁיב *he drew back* | qatal · hiphil | יָד *hand* | | | יהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | נָטָה *he had stretched out* | qatal · qal | יהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | יָד *hand* | | | | הֶחֱרִים *he had totally destroyed* | qatal · hiphil | יֹשְׁבֵי *the inhabitants* | | | יהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ לָא אָתֵיב יְדֵיהּ דַאֲרִים בְּרוּמְחָא עַד דְגַמַר יַת כָּל יַתְבֵי עָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For Joshua drew not back his hand, wherewith he stretched out the javelin, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.181/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:176`. - ← previous: [Joshua 8:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.25/) - next →: [Joshua 8:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.27/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/8/)