--- title: Joshua 9:5 — and worn shoes and clouted upon their feet, and worn garments upon t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and worn shoes and clouted upon their feet, and worn garments upon them; and all the bread of their provision was dry and was become crumbs. Who acts: bread, Joshua. Joshua 9:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/9/) / 9:5 # Joshua 9:5 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ **Who acts:** bread, Joshua · **What happens:** clout, be, become, provide · **To what, where:** feet, crumbs This is Joshua 9:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — bread, Joshua — and what happens in the verse to feet, crumbs, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּנְעָל֨וֹת בָּל֤וֹת וּמְטֻלָּאוֹת֙ בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם וּשְׂלָמ֥וֹת בָּל֖וֹת עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְכֹל֙ לֶ֣חֶם צֵידָ֔ם יָבֵ֖שׁ הָיָ֥ה נִקֻּדִֽים׃ [and worn shoes and clouted upon their feet, and worn garments upon them; and all the bread of their provision was dry and was become crumbs.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.195/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOS:190 # text = וּנְעָל֨וֹת בָּל֤וֹת וּמְטֻלָּאוֹת֙ בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם וּשְׂלָמ֥וֹת בָּל֖וֹת עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְכֹל֙ לֶ֣חֶם צֵידָ֔ם יָבֵ֖שׁ הָיָ֥ה נִקֻּדִֽים׃ # verse = JOS.9.5 1-2 וּנְעָל֨וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_9:5!1|MId=o060090050011|Strong=2050b 2 נְעָל֨וֹת נַעַל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=sandals|Ref=JOS_9:5!1|MId=o060090050012|Strong=5275 3 בָּל֤וֹת בָּלֶה ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 amod _ Gloss=worn.out|Ref=JOS_9:5!2|MId=o060090050021|Strong=1087|Type=adjective 4-5 וּמְטֻלָּאוֹת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_9:5!3|MId=o060090050031|Strong=2050b 5 מְטֻלָּאוֹת֙ טָלָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=patched|Ref=JOS_9:5!3|MId=o060090050032|Strong=2921|Frame=A1:060090050012;|Type=participle_passive 6-8 בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=[were].on|Ref=JOS_9:5!4|MId=o060090050041|Strong=0871a 7 רַגְלֵי רֶגֶל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 0 root _ Gloss=feet|Ref=JOS_9:5!4|MId=o060090050042|Strong=7272 8 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_9:5!4|MId=o060090050043|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9-10 וּשְׂלָמ֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_9:5!5|MId=o060090050051|Strong=2050b 10 שְׂלָמ֥וֹת שַׂלְמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ Gloss=garments|Ref=JOS_9:5!5|MId=o060090050052|Strong=8008 11 בָּל֖וֹת בָּלֶה ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 10 amod _ Gloss=worn.out|Ref=JOS_9:5!6|MId=o060090050061|Strong=1087|Type=adjective 12-13 עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=[were].on|Ref=JOS_9:5!7|MId=o060090050071|Strong=5921 13 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 conj _ Gloss=them|Ref=JOS_9:5!7|MId=o060090050072|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 14-15 וְכֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOS_9:5!8|MId=o060090050081|Strong=2050b 15 כֹל֙ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JOS_9:5!8|MId=o060090050082|Strong=3605 16 לֶ֣חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.bread|Ref=JOS_9:5!9|MId=o060090050091|Strong=3899 17-18 צֵידָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 צֵיד צַיִד NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.sustenance|Ref=JOS_9:5!10|MId=o060090050101|Strong=6718a 18 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOS_9:5!10|MId=o060090050102|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19 יָבֵ֖שׁ יָבֵשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=it.was.dried.up|Ref=JOS_9:5!11|MId=o060090050111|Strong=3001|Frame=A0:060090050091;|Type=qatal 20 הָיָ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 21 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=JOS_9:5!12|MId=o060090050121|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:060090050091;|Type=qatal 21 נִקֻּדִֽים נִקֻּדִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 parataxis _ Gloss=crumbs|Ref=JOS_9:5!13|MId=o060090050131|Strong=5350|SpaceAfter=No 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=JOS_9:5!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מְטֻלָּאוֹת *patched* | participle passive · pual | | נְעָלוֹת *sandals* | | | | יָבֵשׁ *it was dried up* | qatal · qal | לֶחֶם *the bread* | | | | | הָיָה *it was* | qatal · qal | לֶחֶם *the bread* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּמְסָנָן בָּלָן וּמְרַקְעִין בְּרִגְלֵיהוֹן וּכְסוּתָא בָלְיָא עֲלֵיהוֹן וְכָל לְחַם זְוָדֵיהוֹן יָבֵשׁ הֲוָה כִסְנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and worn shoes and clouted upon their feet, and worn garments upon them; and all the bread of their provision was dry and was become crumbs.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.195/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOS:190`. - ← previous: [Joshua 9:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.4/) - next →: [Joshua 9:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.6/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/9/)