--- title: Malachi 1:12 — But ye profane it, in that ye say: 'The table of the LORD is pollute… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But ye profane it, in that ye say: 'The table of the LORD is polluted, and the fruit thereof, even the food thereof, is contemptible.' Who acts: ye, fruit. Malachi 1:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/1/) / 1:12 # Malachi 1:12 מַלְאָכִי **Who acts:** ye, fruit · **What happens:** profane, say, pollute, be · **To what, where:** offering, table · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Malachi 1:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, fruit — and what happens in the verse to offering, table, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Malachi on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאַתֶּ֖ם מְחַלְּלִ֣ים אוֹת֑וֹ בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֗ם שֻׁלְחַ֤ן אֲדֹנָי֙ מְגֹאָ֣ל ה֔וּא וְנִיב֖וֹ נִבְזֶ֥ה אָכְלֽוֹ׃ [But ye profane it, in that ye say: 'The table of the LORD is polluted, and the fruit thereof, even the food thereof, is contemptible.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.17/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:MAL:11 # text = וְאַתֶּ֖ם מְחַלְּלִ֣ים אוֹת֑וֹ בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֗ם שֻׁלְחַ֤ן אֲדֹנָי֙ מְגֹאָ֣ל ה֔וּא וְנִיב֖וֹ נִבְזֶ֥ה אָכְלֽוֹ׃ # verse = MAL.1.12 1-2 וְאַתֶּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_1:12!1|MId=o390010120011|Strong=2050b 2 אַתֶּ֖ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=MAL_1:12!1|MId=o390010120012|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 3 מְחַלְּלִ֣ים חָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[are].profaning|Ref=MAL_1:12!2|MId=o390010120021|Strong=2490|Frame=A0:390010120012;A1:390010120032;|Type=participle_active 4-5 אוֹת֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=|Ref=MAL_1:12!3|MId=o390010120031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 5 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=MAL_1:12!3|MId=o390010120032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6-8 בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בֶּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=MAL_1:12!4|MId=o390010120041|Strong=0871a 7 אֱמָר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 xcomp _ Gloss=saying|Ref=MAL_1:12!4|MId=o390010120042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:390010120043;A1:390010120071;390010120101;|Type=infinitive_construct 8 ְכֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ Gloss=your|Ref=MAL_1:12!4|MId=o390010120043|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 9 שֻׁלְחַ֤ן שֻׁלְחָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 ccomp _ Gloss=the.table|Ref=MAL_1:12!5|MId=o390010120051|Strong=7979 10-11 אֲדֹנָי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=MAL_1:12!6|MId=o390010120061|Strong=0136 11 ָי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=of.[the]|Ref=MAL_1:12!6|MId=o390010120062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12 מְגֹאָ֣ל גָּאַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing 9 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].defiled|Ref=MAL_1:12!7|MId=o390010120071|Strong=1351|Frame=A1:390010120081;|Type=participle_passive 13 ה֔וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=MAL_1:12!8|MId=o390010120081|Strong=1931|Type=personal 14-16 וְנִיב֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_1:12!9|MId=o390010120091|Strong=2050b 15 נִיב נִיב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=fruit|Ref=MAL_1:12!9|MId=o390010120092|Strong=5108 16 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=MAL_1:12!9|MId=o390010120093|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17 נִבְזֶ֥ה בָּזָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=[is].despicable|Ref=MAL_1:12!10|MId=o390010120101|Strong=0959|Frame=A1:390010120092;|Type=participle_active 18-19 אָכְלֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אָכְל אֹכֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=food|Ref=MAL_1:12!11|MId=o390010120111|Strong=0400 19 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=MAL_1:12!11|MId=o390010120112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=MAL_1:12!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מְחַלְּלִים *\[are\] profaning* | participle active · piel | אַתֶּם *you* | וֹ *it* | | | | אֱמָר *saying* | infinitive construct · qal | ְכֶם *your* | מְגֹאָל *\[is\] defiled* + נִבְזֶה *\[is\] despicable* | | | | מְגֹאָל *\[is\] defiled* | participle passive · pual | | הוּא *it* | | | | נִבְזֶה *\[is\] despicable* | participle active · niphal | | נִיב *fruit* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַתּוּן מְחַלְלִין יָתֵיהּ בִּדְאַתּוּן אָמְרִין פְּתוֹרָא דַייָ בְּסִיר הוּא וּבְסִירָן מַתְּנָתָא מִנֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But ye profane it, in that ye say: 'The table of the LORD is polluted, and the fruit thereof, even the food thereof, is contemptible.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.17/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:MAL:11`. - ← previous: [Malachi 1:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.11/) - next →: [Malachi 1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.13/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/1/)