--- title: Malachi 1:13 — Ye say also: 'Behold, what a weariness is it!' and ye have snuffed a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Ye say also: 'Behold, what a weariness is it!' and ye have snuffed at it, saith the LORD of hosts; and ye have brought that which was taken by violence, and the lame, and the sick; thus ye bring the offering; should I accept this of your hand? saith the LORD. Who acts: Ye, weariness, LORD, violence. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/1/) / 1:13 # Malachi 1:13 מַלְאָכִי **Who acts:** Ye, weariness, LORD, violence, I · **What happens:** say, be, snuff, bring, take, accept · **To what, where:** weariness, that, offering, this · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Malachi 1:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ye, weariness, LORD, violence, I — and what happens in the verse to weariness, that, offering, this, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Malachi on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַאֲמַרְתֶּם֩ הִנֵּ֨ה מַתְּלָאָ֜ה וְהִפַּחְתֶּ֣ם אוֹת֗וֹ אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וַהֲבֵאתֶ֣ם גָּז֗וּל וְאֶת־הַפִּסֵּ֙חַ֙ וְאֶת־הַ֣חוֹלֶ֔ה וַהֲבֵאתֶ֖ם אֶת־הַמִּנְחָ֑ה הַאֶרְצֶ֥ה אוֹתָ֛הּ מִיֶּדְכֶ֖ם אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ס [Ye say also: 'Behold, what a weariness is it!' and ye have snuffed at it, saith the LORD of hosts; and ye have brought that which was taken by violence, and the lame, and the sick; thus ye bring the offering; should I accept this of your hand? saith the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.18/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:MAL:12 # text = וַאֲמַרְתֶּם֩ הִנֵּ֨ה מַתְּלָאָ֜ה וְהִפַּחְתֶּ֣ם אוֹת֗וֹ אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וַהֲבֵאתֶ֣ם גָּז֗וּל וְאֶת־הַפִּסֵּ֙חַ֙ וְאֶת־הַ֣חוֹלֶ֔ה וַהֲבֵאתֶ֖ם אֶת־הַמִּנְחָ֑ה הַאֶרְצֶ֥ה אוֹתָ֛הּ מִיֶּדְכֶ֖ם אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ס # verse = MAL.1.13 1-2 וַאֲמַרְתֶּם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_1:13!1|MId=o390010130011|Strong=2050b 2 אֲמַרְתֶּם֩ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.say|Ref=MAL_1:13!1|MId=o390010130012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:390010060202;|Type=weqatal 3 הִנֵּ֨ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 4 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=MAL_1:13!2|MId=o390010130021|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 4-5 מַתְּלָאָ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מַ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 2 ccomp _ Gloss=what|Ref=MAL_1:13!3|MId=o390010130031|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 5 תְּלָאָ֜ה תְּלָאָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=hardship!|Ref=MAL_1:13!3|MId=o390010130032|Strong=8513 6-7 וְהִפַּחְתֶּ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_1:13!4|MId=o390010130041|Strong=2050b 7 הִפַּחְתֶּ֣ם נָפַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you.sniff.at|Ref=MAL_1:13!4|MId=o390010130042|Strong=5301|Frame=AA:390010060202;A0:390010130052;|Type=weqatal 8-9 אוֹת֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=|Ref=MAL_1:13!5|MId=o390010130051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 9 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=MAL_1:13!5|MId=o390010130052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 אָמַר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=MAL_1:13!6|MId=o390010130061|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:390010130071;|Type=qatal 11 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=MAL_1:13!7|MId=o390010130071|Strong=3068 12 צְבָא֔וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=MAL_1:13!8|MId=o390010130081|Strong=6635 13-14 וַהֲבֵאתֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_1:13!9|MId=o390010130091|Strong=2050b 14 הֲבֵאתֶ֣ם בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you.bring|Ref=MAL_1:13!9|MId=o390010130092|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:390010060202;A0:390010130101;390010130122;390010130142;|Type=weqatal 15 גָּז֗וּל גָּזַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=a.stolen.[animal]|Ref=MAL_1:13!10|MId=o390010130101|Strong=1497|Type=participle_passive 16-17 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_1:13!11|MId=o390010130111|Strong=2050b 17 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=MAL_1:13!11|MId=o390010130112|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 18-19 הַפִּסֵּ֙חַ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the.lame|Ref=MAL_1:13!12|MId=o390010130121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 פִּסֵּ֙חַ֙ פִּסֵּחַ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=[animal]|Ref=MAL_1:13!12|MId=o390010130122|Strong=6455|Type=adjective 20-21 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_1:13!13|MId=o390010130131|Strong=2050b 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=MAL_1:13!13|MId=o390010130132|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 22-23 הַ֣חוֹלֶ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ֣ הַ SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=the.sick|Ref=MAL_1:13!14|MId=o390010130141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 חוֹלֶ֔ה חָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=[animal]|Ref=MAL_1:13!14|MId=o390010130142|Strong=2470|Type=participle_active 24-25 וַהֲבֵאתֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_1:13!15|MId=o390010130151|Strong=2050b 25 הֲבֵאתֶ֖ם בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 14 conj _ Gloss=you.bring|Ref=MAL_1:13!15|MId=o390010130152|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:390010060202;A0:390010130172;|Type=weqatal 26 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=MAL_1:13!16|MId=o390010130161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הַמִּנְחָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=MAL_1:13!17|MId=o390010130171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 מִּנְחָ֑ה מִנְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=offering|Ref=MAL_1:13!17|MId=o390010130172|Strong=4503 29-30 הַאֶרְצֶ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הֲ PART _ _ 30 advmod _ Gloss=will|Ref=MAL_1:13!18|MId=o390010130181|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 30 אֶרְצֶ֥ה רָצָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 parataxis _ Gloss=I.accept?|Ref=MAL_1:13!18|MId=o390010130182|Strong=7521|Frame=A0:390010130071;A1:390010130192;|Type=yiqtol 31-32 אוֹתָ֛הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=|Ref=MAL_1:13!19|MId=o390010130191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 32 ָ֛הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=MAL_1:13!19|MId=o390010130192|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 33-35 מִיֶּדְכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=MAL_1:13!20|MId=o390010130201|Strong=4480 34 יֶּד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=MAL_1:13!20|MId=o390010130202|Strong=3027 35 ְכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=MAL_1:13!20|MId=o390010130203|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 36 אָמַ֥ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=MAL_1:13!21|MId=o390010130211|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:390010130221;|Type=qatal 37 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 36 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=MAL_1:13!22|MId=o390010130221|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=MAL_1:13!22|SpaceAfter=No 39 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=MAL_1:13!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֲמַרְתֶּם *you say* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | הִפַּחְתֶּם *you sniff at* | weqatal · hiphil | וֹ *it* | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | הֲבֵאתֶם *you bring* | weqatal · hiphil | גָּזוּל *a stolen \[animal\]* + פִּסֵּחַ *\[animal\]* + חוֹלֶה *\[animal\]* | | | | | הֲבֵאתֶם *you bring* | weqatal · hiphil | מִּנְחָה *offering* | | | | | אֶרְצֶה *I accept?* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ָהּ *it* | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָֽה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִם תֵּימְרוּן הָא דְאַיְתֵינָא מִלֵאוּתָנָא וְשַׁנֵיקְתּוּן יָתֵיהּ אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת וּמַיְתָן אַתּוּן דַאֲנִיס וְדַחֲגִיר וְדִמְרִיעַ וּמַיְתָן אַתּוּן לֵיהּ בְּקוּרְבָּנָא הֲאַקַבֵּל יָתֵיהּ בְּרַעֲוָא מִיֶדְכוֹן אֲמַר יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Ye say also: 'Behold, what a weariness is it!' and ye have snuffed at it, saith the LORD of hosts; and ye have brought that which was taken by violence, and the lame, and the sick; thus ye bring the offering; should I accept this of your hand? saith the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.18/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:MAL:12`. - ← previous: [Malachi 1:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.12/) - next →: [Malachi 1:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.14/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/1/)