--- title: Malachi 1:7 — Ye offer polluted bread upon Mine altar. And ye say: 'Wherein have w… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Ye offer polluted bread upon Mine altar. And ye say: 'Wherein have we polluted thee?' In that ye say: 'The table of the LORD is contemptible.' Who acts: Ye, we, table. Malachi 1:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/1/) / 1:7 # Malachi 1:7 מַלְאָכִי **Who acts:** Ye, we, table · **What happens:** offer, pollute, say, be · **To what, where:** polluted bread, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Malachi 1:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ye, we, table — and what happens in the verse to polluted bread, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Malachi on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. מַגִּישִׁ֤ים עַֽל־מִזְבְּחִי֙ לֶ֣חֶם מְגֹאָ֔ל וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם בַּמֶּ֣ה גֵֽאַלְנ֑וּךָ בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֕ם שֻׁלְחַ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה נִבְזֶ֥ה הֽוּא׃ [Ye offer polluted bread upon Mine altar.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.8/) [And ye say: 'Wherein have we polluted thee?' In that ye say: 'The table of the LORD is contemptible.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.9/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:MAL:6 # text = מַגִּישִׁ֤ים עַֽל־מִזְבְּחִי֙ לֶ֣חֶם מְגֹאָ֔ל וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם בַּמֶּ֣ה גֵֽאַלְנ֑וּךָ בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֕ם שֻׁלְחַ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה נִבְזֶ֥ה הֽוּא׃ # verse = MAL.1.7 1 מַגִּישִׁ֤ים נָגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[you.are].bringing.near|Ref=MAL_1:7!1|MId=o390010070011|Strong=5066|Frame=AA:390010060202;A0:390010070041;|Type=participle_active 2 עַֽל־ עַל ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=MAL_1:7!2|MId=o390010070021|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 מִזְבְּחִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִזְבְּח מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=altar|Ref=MAL_1:7!3|MId=o390010070031|Strong=4196 4 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=MAL_1:7!3|MId=o390010070032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 5 לֶ֣חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=food|Ref=MAL_1:7!4|MId=o390010070041|Strong=3899 6 מְגֹאָ֔ל גָּאַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ Gloss=defiled|Ref=MAL_1:7!5|MId=o390010070051|Strong=1351|Frame=A1:390010070041;|Type=participle_passive 7-8 וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_1:7!6|MId=o390010070061|Strong=2050b 8 אֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=you.say|Ref=MAL_1:7!6|MId=o390010070062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:390010060202;|Type=weqatal 9-10 בַּמֶּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=|Ref=MAL_1:7!7|MId=o390010070071|Strong=0871a 10 מֶּ֣ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 11 obl _ Gloss=how?|Ref=MAL_1:7!7|MId=o390010070072|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 11-12 גֵֽאַלְנ֑וּךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 גֵֽאַלְנ֑וּ גָּאַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=1 8 ccomp _ Gloss=have|Ref=MAL_1:7!8|MId=o390010070081|Strong=1351|Frame=A0:390010060202;A1:390010070082;|Type=qatal 12 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=we.defiled.you|Ref=MAL_1:7!8|MId=o390010070082|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 13-15 בֶּאֱמָרְכֶ֕ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בֶּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=MAL_1:7!9|MId=o390010070091|Strong=0871a 14 אֱמָר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 parataxis _ Gloss=saying|Ref=MAL_1:7!9|MId=o390010070092|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:390010070093;|Type=infinitive_construct 15 ְכֶ֕ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=your|Ref=MAL_1:7!9|MId=o390010070093|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 16 שֻׁלְחַ֥ן שֻׁלְחָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 dislocated _ Gloss=the.table|Ref=MAL_1:7!10|MId=o390010070101|Strong=7979 17 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=MAL_1:7!11|MId=o390010070111|Strong=3068 18 נִבְזֶ֥ה בָּזָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 14 ccomp _ Gloss=[is].despicable|Ref=MAL_1:7!12|MId=o390010070121|Strong=0959|Frame=A1:390010070131;|Type=participle_active 19 הֽוּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=MAL_1:7!13|MId=o390010070131|Strong=1931|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=MAL_1:7!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מַגִּישִׁים *\[you are\] bringing near* | participle active · hiphil | לֶחֶם *food* | | | | | מְגֹאָל *defiled* | participle passive · pual | | לֶחֶם *food* | | | | אֲמַרְתֶּם *you say* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | גֵֽאַלְנוּ *have* | qatal · piel | | ךָ *we defiled you* | | | | אֱמָר *saying* | infinitive construct · qal | ְכֶם *your* | | | | | נִבְזֶה *\[is\] despicable* | participle active · niphal | | הֽוּא *it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מְקָרְבִין אַתּוּן עַל מַדְבְּחִי קָרְבַּן מְרָחֵק וְאִם תֵּימְרוּן בְּמָא מְרָחֵק בִּדְאַתּוּן אָמְרִין פָּתוֹרָא דַייָ בְּסִיר הוּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Ye offer polluted bread upon Mine altar.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.8/) 2. [And ye say: 'Wherein have we polluted thee?' In that ye say: 'The table of the LORD is contemptible.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.9/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:MAL:6`. - ← previous: [Malachi 1:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.6/) - next →: [Malachi 1:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.8/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/1/)