--- title: Malachi 3:1 — Behold, I send My messenger, and he shall clear the way before Me; a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Behold, I send My messenger, and he shall clear the way before Me; and the Lord, whom ye seek, will suddenly come to His temple, and the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in, behold, he cometh, saith the LORD of hosts. Who acts: I, he, ye, Lord. Malachi 3:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/3/) / 3:1 # Malachi 3:1 מַלְאָכִי **Who acts:** I, he, ye, Lord, messenger · **What happens:** send, clear, seek, come, delight, say · **To what, where:** messenger, way, Lord, temple · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Malachi 3:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, he, ye, Lord, messenger — and what happens in the verse to messenger, way, Lord, temple, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Malachi on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִנְנִ֤י שֹׁלֵחַ֙ מַלְאָכִ֔י וּפִנָּה־דֶ֖רֶךְ לְפָנָ֑י וּפִתְאֹם֩ יָב֨וֹא אֶל־הֵיכָל֜וֹ הָאָד֣וֹן ׀ אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֣ם מְבַקְשִׁ֗ים וּמַלְאַ֨ךְ הַבְּרִ֜ית אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֤ם חֲפֵצִים֙ הִנֵּה־בָ֔א אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃ [Behold, I send My messenger, and he shall clear the way before Me; and the Lord, whom ye seek, will suddenly come to His temple, and the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in, behold, he cometh, saith the LORD of hosts.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.42/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:MAL:31 # text = הִנְנִ֤י שֹׁלֵחַ֙ מַלְאָכִ֔י וּפִנָּה־דֶ֖רֶךְ לְפָנָ֑י וּפִתְאֹם֩ יָב֨וֹא אֶל־הֵיכָל֜וֹ הָאָד֣וֹן ׀ אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֣ם מְבַקְשִׁ֗ים וּמַלְאַ֨ךְ הַבְּרִ֜ית אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֤ם חֲפֵצִים֙ הִנֵּה־בָ֔א אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃ # verse = MAL.3.1 1-2 הִנְנִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הִנ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=here|Ref=MAL_3:1!1|MId=o390030010011|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 2 ְנִ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 1 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=MAL_3:1!1|MId=o390030010012|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 3 שֹׁלֵחַ֙ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[am].about.to.send|Ref=MAL_3:1!2|MId=o390030010021|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:390030010012;A1:390030010031;|Type=participle_active 4-5 מַלְאָכִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מַלְאָכ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obj _ Gloss=messenger|Ref=MAL_3:1!3|MId=o390030010031|Strong=4397 5 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=MAL_3:1!3|MId=o390030010032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6-7 וּפִנָּה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_3:1!4|MId=o390030010041|Strong=2050b 7 פִנָּה־ פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.will.make.clear|Ref=MAL_3:1!4|MId=o390030010042|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:390030010031;A1:390030010051;|Type=weqatal 8 דֶ֖רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=a.way|Ref=MAL_3:1!5|MId=o390030010051|Strong=1870 9-11 לְפָנָ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=MAL_3:1!6|MId=o390030010061|Strong=3807a 10 פָנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=MAL_3:1!6|MId=o390030010062|Strong=6440 11 ָ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=me|Ref=MAL_3:1!6|MId=o390030010063|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12-13 וּפִתְאֹם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_3:1!7|MId=o390030010071|Strong=2050b 13 פִתְאֹם֩ פִּתְאֹם ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=suddenly|Ref=MAL_3:1!7|MId=o390030010072|Strong=6597 14 יָב֨וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.will.come|Ref=MAL_3:1!8|MId=o390030010081|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:390030010112;|Type=yiqtol 15 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=MAL_3:1!9|MId=o390030010091|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 הֵיכָל֜וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הֵיכָל הֵיכָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=temple|Ref=MAL_3:1!10|MId=o390030010101|Strong=1964 17 ֜וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=MAL_3:1!10|MId=o390030010102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 הָאָד֣וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=MAL_3:1!11|MId=o390030010111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 אָד֣וֹן אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=lord|Ref=MAL_3:1!11|MId=o390030010112|Strong=0113 20 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=MAL_3:1!11 21 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=MAL_3:1!12|MId=o390030010121|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 22 אַתֶּ֣ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=MAL_3:1!13|MId=o390030010131|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 23 מְבַקְשִׁ֗ים בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 19 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[are].seeking|Ref=MAL_3:1!14|MId=o390030010141|Strong=1245|Frame=A0:390030010131;A1:390030010112;|Type=participle_active 24-25 וּמַלְאַ֨ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_3:1!15|MId=o390030010151|Strong=2050b 25 מַלְאַ֨ךְ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 dislocated _ Gloss=the.messenger|Ref=MAL_3:1!15|MId=o390030010152|Strong=4397 26-27 הַבְּרִ֜ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=MAL_3:1!16|MId=o390030010161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 בְּרִ֜ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.covenant|Ref=MAL_3:1!16|MId=o390030010162|Strong=1285 28 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=MAL_3:1!17|MId=o390030010171|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 29 אַתֶּ֤ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=MAL_3:1!18|MId=o390030010181|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 30 חֲפֵצִים֙ חָפֵץ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[are].delighting|Ref=MAL_3:1!19|MId=o390030010191|Strong=2655|Type=adjective 31 הִנֵּה־ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 32 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=MAL_3:1!20|MId=o390030010201|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 32 בָ֔א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=[he.is].about.to.come|Ref=MAL_3:1!21|MId=o390030010211|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:390030010152;|Type=participle_active 33 אָמַ֖ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=MAL_3:1!22|MId=o390030010221|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:390030010231;|Type=qatal 34 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 33 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=MAL_3:1!23|MId=o390030010231|Strong=3068 35 צְבָאֽוֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=MAL_3:1!24|MId=o390030010241|Strong=6635|SpaceAfter=No 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=MAL_3:1!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שֹׁלֵחַ *\[am\] about to send* | participle active · qal | ְנִי *I* | מַלְאָכ *messenger* | | | | פִנָּה־ *he will make clear* | weqatal · piel | מַלְאָכ *messenger* | דֶרֶךְ *a way* | | | | יָבוֹא *he will come* | yiqtol · qal | אָדוֹן *lord* | | | | | מְבַקְשִׁים *\[are\] seeking* | participle active · piel | אַתֶּם *you* | אָדוֹן *lord* | | | | בָא *\[he is\] about to come* | participle active · qal | מַלְאַךְ *the messenger* | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הָא אֲנָא שְׁלַח מַלְאָכָא וִיפַנֵי אוֹרְחָא קֳדָמַי וּבִתְכֵּיף יֵעוּל לְהֵיכְלֵיהּ רִבּוֹנָא דִי אַתּוּן בְּעָן בֵּיהּ וּמַלְאַךְ קְיָמָא דִי אַתּוּן צָבָן בֵּיהּ הָא אָתֵי אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Behold, I send My messenger, and he shall clear the way before Me; and the Lord, whom ye seek, will suddenly come to His temple, and the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in, behold, he cometh, saith the LORD of hosts.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.42/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:MAL:31`. - ← previous: [Malachi 2:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.17/) - next →: [Malachi 3:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.2/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/3/)