--- title: Malachi 3:14 — Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that w… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that we have kept His charge, and that we have walked mournfully because of the LORD of hosts? Who acts: Ye, we, God. Malachi 3:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/3/) / 3:14 # Malachi 3:14 מַלְאָכִי **Who acts:** Ye, we, God · **What happens:** say, be, serve, keep, walk, charge · **To what, where:** God, profit, charge · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Malachi 3:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ye, we, God — and what happens in the verse to God, profit, charge, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Malachi on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם שָׁ֖וְא עֲבֹ֣ד אֱלֹהִ֑ים וּמַה־בֶּ֗צַע כִּ֤י שָׁמַ֙רְנוּ֙ מִשְׁמַרְתּ֔וֹ וְכִ֤י הָלַ֙כְנוּ֙ קְדֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית מִפְּנֵ֖י יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃ [Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that we have kept His charge, and that we have walked mournfully because of the LORD of hosts?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.62/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:MAL:44 # text = אֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם שָׁ֖וְא עֲבֹ֣ד אֱלֹהִ֑ים וּמַה־בֶּ֗צַע כִּ֤י שָׁמַ֙רְנוּ֙ מִשְׁמַרְתּ֔וֹ וְכִ֤י הָלַ֙כְנוּ֙ קְדֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית מִפְּנֵ֖י יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃ # verse = MAL.3.14 1 אֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.have.said|Ref=MAL_3:14!1|MId=o390030140011|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:390030060071;|Type=qatal 2 שָׁ֖וְא שָׁוְא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 ccomp _ Gloss=[is].futility|Ref=MAL_3:14!2|MId=o390030140021|Strong=7723 3 עֲבֹ֣ד עָבַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 nsubj _ Gloss=to.serve|Ref=MAL_3:14!3|MId=o390030140031|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:;A1:390030140041;|Type=infinitive_construct 4 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=God|Ref=MAL_3:14!4|MId=o390030140041|Strong=0430 5-6 וּמַה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_3:14!5|MId=o390030140051|Strong=2050b 6 מַה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 2 conj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=MAL_3:14!5|MId=o390030140052|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 7 בֶּ֗צַע בֶּצַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=[is.the].profit|Ref=MAL_3:14!6|MId=o390030140061|Strong=1215 8 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=MAL_3:14!7|MId=o390030140071|Strong=3588 9 שָׁמַ֙רְנוּ֙ שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 advcl _ Gloss=we.have.kept|Ref=MAL_3:14!8|MId=o390030140081|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:390030060071;A1:390030140091;|Type=qatal 10-11 מִשְׁמַרְתּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מִשְׁמַרְתּ מִשְׁמֶרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=charge|Ref=MAL_3:14!9|MId=o390030140091|Strong=4931 11 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=MAL_3:14!9|MId=o390030140092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-13 וְכִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MAL_3:14!10|MId=o390030140101|Strong=2050b 13 כִ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=MAL_3:14!10|MId=o390030140102|Strong=3588 14 הָלַ֙כְנוּ֙ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 advcl _ Gloss=we.have.walked|Ref=MAL_3:14!11|MId=o390030140111|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:390030060071;|Type=qatal 15 קְדֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית קְדֹרַנִּית ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=mournfully|Ref=MAL_3:14!12|MId=o390030140121|Strong=6941 16-17 מִפְּנֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=MAL_3:14!13|MId=o390030140131|Strong=4480 17 פְּנֵ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 14 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=MAL_3:14!13|MId=o390030140132|Strong=6440 18 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=MAL_3:14!14|MId=o390030140141|Strong=3068 19 צְבָאֽוֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=MAL_3:14!15|MId=o390030140151|Strong=6635|SpaceAfter=No 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=MAL_3:14!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֲמַרְתֶּם *you have said* | qatal · qal | | | | | | עֲבֹד *to serve* | infinitive construct · qal | | אֱלֹהִים *God* | | | | שָׁמַרְנוּ *we have kept* | qatal · qal | | מִשְׁמַרְתּ *charge* | | | | הָלַכְנוּ *we have walked* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲמַרְתּוּן לָא לַהֲנָאָה מַן דְפָלַח קֳדָם יְיָ וּמַה מָמוֹן נִתְהֲנֵי לְנָא אֲרֵי נְטַרְנָא מַטְרַת מֵימְרֵיהּ וַאֲרֵי הֲלֵכְנָא בְּמַכִּיכוּת רוּחַ מִן קֳדָם יְיָ צְבָאוֹת: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that we have kept His charge, and that we have walked mournfully because of the LORD of hosts?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.62/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:MAL:44`. - ← previous: [Malachi 3:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.13/) - next →: [Malachi 3:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.15/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/3/)