--- title: Micah 2:13 — The breaker is gone up before them; they have broken forth and passe… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The breaker is gone up before them; they have broken forth and passed on, by the gate, and are gone out thereat; and their king is passed on before them, and the LORD at the head of them. Who acts: man. Micah 2:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.2.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Micah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/2/) / 2:13 # Micah 2:13 מִיכָה **Who acts:** man · **What happens:** go up, break, pass on, go out · **To what, where:** breaker, king This is Micah 2:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man — and what happens in the verse to breaker, king, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 7 chapters of Micah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עָלָ֤ה הַפֹּרֵץ֙ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם פָּֽרְצוּ֙ וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֔רוּ שַׁ֖עַר וַיֵּ֣צְאוּ ב֑וֹ וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר מַלְכָּם֙ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיהוָ֖ה בְּרֹאשָֽׁם׃פ [The breaker is gone up before them; they have broken forth and passed on, by the gate, and are gone out thereat; and their king is passed on before them, and the LORD at the head of them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.35/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:MIC:28 # text = עָלָ֤ה הַפֹּרֵץ֙ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם פָּֽרְצוּ֙ וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֔רוּ שַׁ֖עַר וַיֵּ֣צְאוּ ב֑וֹ וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר מַלְכָּם֙ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיהוָ֖ה בְּרֹאשָֽׁם׃פ # verse = MIC.2.13 1 עָלָ֤ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.go.up|Ref=MIC_2:13!1|MId=o330020130011|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:330020130022;|Type=qatal 2-3 הַפֹּרֵץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the.[one|Ref=MIC_2:13!2|MId=o330020130021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 פֹּרֵץ֙ פָּרַץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ Gloss=who].breaks.through|Ref=MIC_2:13!2|MId=o330020130022|Strong=6555|Frame=A0:330020070061;|Type=participle_active 4-6 לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=MIC_2:13!3|MId=o330020130031|Strong=3807a 5 פְנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 1 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=MIC_2:13!3|MId=o330020130032|Strong=6440 6 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=them|Ref=MIC_2:13!3|MId=o330020130033|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7 פָּֽרְצוּ֙ פָּרַץ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.break.through|Ref=MIC_2:13!4|MId=o330020130041|Strong=6555|Frame=A0:330020120071;|Type=qatal 8-9 וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֔רוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MIC_2:13!5|MId=o330020130051|Strong=2050b 9 יַּעֲבֹ֔רוּ עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=they.have.passed.through|Ref=MIC_2:13!5|MId=o330020130052|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:330020120071;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 שַׁ֖עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=[the].gate|Ref=MIC_2:13!6|MId=o330020130061|Strong=8179 11-12 וַיֵּ֣צְאוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MIC_2:13!7|MId=o330020130071|Strong=2050b 12 יֵּ֣צְאוּ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=they.have.gone.out|Ref=MIC_2:13!7|MId=o330020130072|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:330020120071;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-14 ב֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=MIC_2:13!8|MId=o330020130081|Strong=0871a 14 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=MIC_2:13!8|MId=o330020130082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-16 וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MIC_2:13!9|MId=o330020130091|Strong=2050b 16 יַּעֲבֹ֤ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=he.has.passed.on|Ref=MIC_2:13!9|MId=o330020130092|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:330020130101;|Type=wayyiqtol 17-18 מַלְכָּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=MIC_2:13!10|MId=o330020130101|Strong=4428 18 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=MIC_2:13!10|MId=o330020130102|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19-21 לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=MIC_2:13!11|MId=o330020130111|Strong=3807a 20 פְנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=MIC_2:13!11|MId=o330020130112|Strong=6440 21 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=them|Ref=MIC_2:13!11|MId=o330020130113|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 22-23 וַיהוָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MIC_2:13!12|MId=o330020130121|Strong=2050b 23 יהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 25 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=MIC_2:13!12|MId=o330020130122|Strong=3068 24-26 בְּרֹאשָֽׁם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=[will|Ref=MIC_2:13!13|MId=o330020130131|Strong=0871a 25 רֹאשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=be]|Ref=MIC_2:13!13|MId=o330020130132|Strong=7218 26 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=at.their.head|Ref=MIC_2:13!13|MId=o330020130133|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=MIC_2:13!13|SpaceAfter=No 28 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=MIC_2:13!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָלָה *he will go up* | qatal · qal | פֹּרֵץ *who\] breaks through* | | | | | פֹּרֵץ *who\] breaks through* | participle active · qal | | | | | | פָּֽרְצוּ *they will break through* | qatal · qal | | | | | | יַּעֲבֹרוּ *they have passed through* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֵּצְאוּ *they have gone out* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יַּעֲבֹר *he has passed on* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְכּ *king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} יִסְגוּן מְשֵׁיזְבִין כַּד בְּקַדְמֵיתָא וְיִסַק מֶלֶךְ מְדַבֵּר בְּרֵישֵׁיהוֹן וְיִתְּבַר בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבָא דִמְעִיק לְהוֹן וְיַכְבֵּישׁ כְּרַכִּין תַּקִיפִין קִרְוֵי עַמְמַיָא יַחְסְנוּנוּן וִיהֵי מַלְכֵיהוֹן מְדַבֵּר בְּרֵישֵׁיהוֹן וּמֵימְרָא דַייָ בְּסַעְדְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The breaker is gone up before them; they have broken forth and passed on, by the gate, and are gone out thereat; and their king is passed on before them, and the LORD at the head of them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.35/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:MIC:28`. - ← previous: [Micah 2:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.2.12/) - next →: [Micah 3:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.3.1/) - ↑ back to [Micah 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/2/)