--- title: Micah 3:12 — Therefore shall Zion for your sake be plowed as a field, and Jerusal… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore shall Zion for your sake be plowed as a field, and Jerusalem shall become heaps, and the mountain of the house as the high places of a forest. Who acts: Jerusalem. Micah 3:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.3.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Micah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/3/) / 3:12 # Micah 3:12 מִיכָה **Who acts:** Jerusalem · **What happens:** plow, become · **To what, where:** Zion, heaps This is Micah 3:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jerusalem — and what happens in the verse to Zion, heaps, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 7 chapters of Micah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָכֵן֙ בִּגְלַלְכֶ֔ם צִיּ֖וֹן שָׂדֶ֣ה תֵֽחָרֵ֑שׁ וִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ עִיִּ֣ין תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה וְהַ֥ר הַבַּ֖יִת לְבָמ֥וֹת יָֽעַר׃פ [Therefore shall Zion for your sake be plowed as a field, and Jerusalem shall become heaps, and the mountain of the house as the high places of a forest.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.48/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:MIC:40 # text = לָכֵן֙ בִּגְלַלְכֶ֔ם צִיּ֖וֹן שָׂדֶ֣ה תֵֽחָרֵ֑שׁ וִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ עִיִּ֣ין תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה וְהַ֥ר הַבַּ֖יִת לְבָמ֥וֹת יָֽעַר׃פ # verse = MIC.3.12 1-2 לָכֵן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ לָכֵן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=MIC_3:12!1|MId=o330030120011|Strong=3807a 2 כֵן֙ כֵּן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=|Ref=MIC_3:12!1|MId=o330030120012|Strong=3651 3-5 בִּגְלַלְכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=MIC_3:12!2|MId=o330030120021|Strong=0871a 4 גְלַל גָּלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=account|Ref=MIC_3:12!2|MId=o330030120022|Strong=1558 5 ְכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=of.you|Ref=MIC_3:12!2|MId=o330030120023|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 6 צִיּ֖וֹן צִיּוֹן PROPN _ _ 8 nsubj _ Gloss=Zion|Ref=MIC_3:12!3|MId=o330030120031|Strong=6726 7 שָׂדֶ֣ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=a.field|Ref=MIC_3:12!4|MId=o330030120041|Strong=7704 8 תֵֽחָרֵ֑שׁ חָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.be.plowed|Ref=MIC_3:12!5|MId=o330030120051|Strong=2790|Frame=A1:330030120031;|Type=yiqtol 9-10 וִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MIC_3:12!6|MId=o330030120061|Strong=2050b 10 ירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=MIC_3:12!6|MId=o330030120062|Strong=3389 11 עִיִּ֣ין עִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=heaps.of.ruins|Ref=MIC_3:12!7|MId=o330030120071|Strong=5856 12 תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=MIC_3:12!8|MId=o330030120081|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:330030120062;|Type=yiqtol 13-14 וְהַ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MIC_3:12!9|MId=o330030120091|Strong=2050b 14 הַ֥ר הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=the.mountain|Ref=MIC_3:12!9|MId=o330030120092|Strong=2022 15-16 הַבַּ֖יִת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=MIC_3:12!10|MId=o330030120101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 בַּ֖יִת בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=MIC_3:12!10|MId=o330030120102|Strong=1004 17-18 לְבָמ֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(into).high|Ref=MIC_3:12!11|MId=o330030120111|Strong=3807a 18 בָמ֥וֹת בָּמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 14 obl _ Gloss=places|Ref=MIC_3:12!11|MId=o330030120112|Strong=1116 19 יָֽעַר יַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.forest|Ref=MIC_3:12!12|MId=o330030120121|Strong=3293|SpaceAfter=No 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=MIC_3:12!12|SpaceAfter=No 21 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=MIC_3:12!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֵֽחָרֵשׁ *it will be plowed* | yiqtol · niphal | | צִיּוֹן *Zion* | | | | תִּֽהְיֶה *it will be* | yiqtol · qal | ירוּשָׁלִַם *Jerusalem* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּכֵן בְּדִיל חוֹבֵיכוֹן צִיוֹן חֲקַל תִּתְרְדֵי וִירוּשְׁלֵם לְיַגְרִין תְּהֵי וְטוּר בֵּית מַקְדְשָׁא לְחִישַׁת חוּרְשָׁא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore shall Zion for your sake be plowed as a field, and Jerusalem shall become heaps, and the mountain of the house as the high places of a forest.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.48/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:MIC:40`. - ← previous: [Micah 3:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.3.11/) - next →: [Micah 4:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.4.1/) - ↑ back to [Micah 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/3/)