--- title: Micah 3:9 — Hear this, I pray you, ye heads of the house of Jacob, and rulers of… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Hear this, I pray you, ye heads of the house of Jacob, and rulers of the house of Israel, that abhor justice, and pervert all equity; Who acts: you, I, heads. Micah 3:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.3.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Micah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/3/) / 3:9 # Micah 3:9 מִיכָה **Who acts:** you, I, heads · **What happens:** hear, pray, abhor, pervert · **To what, where:** this, you, justice, equity This is Micah 3:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, I, heads — and what happens in the verse to this, you, justice, equity, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 7 chapters of Micah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. שִׁמְעוּ־נָ֣א זֹ֗את רָאשֵׁי֙ בֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּקְצִינֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הַֽמֲתַעֲבִ֣ים מִשְׁפָּ֔ט וְאֵ֥ת כָּל־הַיְשָׁרָ֖ה יְעַקֵּֽשׁוּ׃ [Hear this, I pray you, ye heads of the house of Jacob, and rulers of the house of Israel, that abhor justice, and pervert all equity;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.44/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:MIC:37 # text = שִׁמְעוּ־נָ֣א זֹ֗את רָאשֵׁי֙ בֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּקְצִינֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הַֽמֲתַעֲבִ֣ים מִשְׁפָּ֔ט וְאֵ֥ת כָּל־הַיְשָׁרָ֖ה יְעַקֵּֽשׁוּ׃ # verse = MIC.3.9 1 שִׁמְעוּ־ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=hear|Ref=MIC_3:9!1|MId=o330030090011|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:330030090041;A1:330030090031;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 2 נָ֣א נָא INTJ _ _ 1 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=MIC_3:9!2|MId=o330030090021|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 3 זֹ֗את זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 1 obj _ Gloss=this|Ref=MIC_3:9!3|MId=o330030090031|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 4 רָאשֵׁי֙ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 parataxis _ Gloss=O.leaders|Ref=MIC_3:9!4|MId=o330030090041|Strong=7218 5 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.house|Ref=MIC_3:9!5|MId=o330030090051|Strong=1004 6 יַעֲקֹ֔ב יַעֲקֹב PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jacob|Ref=MIC_3:9!6|MId=o330030090061|Strong=3290 7-8 וּקְצִינֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MIC_3:9!7|MId=o330030090071|Strong=2050b 8 קְצִינֵ֖י קָצִין NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=O.rulers|Ref=MIC_3:9!7|MId=o330030090072|Strong=7101 9 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.house|Ref=MIC_3:9!8|MId=o330030090081|Strong=1004 10 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=MIC_3:9!9|MId=o330030090091|Strong=3478 11-12 הַֽמֲתַעֲבִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַֽ הַ SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=MIC_3:9!10|MId=o330030090101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 מֲתַעֲבִ֣ים תַּעָב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 4 appos _ Gloss=loathe|Ref=MIC_3:9!10|MId=o330030090102|Strong=8581|Frame=A0:330030090041;A1:330030090111;|Type=participle_active 13 מִשְׁפָּ֔ט מִשְׁפָּט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=justice|Ref=MIC_3:9!11|MId=o330030090111|Strong=4941 14-15 וְאֵ֥ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=MIC_3:9!12|MId=o330030090121|Strong=2050b 15 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=MIC_3:9!12|MId=o330030090122|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=every|Ref=MIC_3:9!13|MId=o330030090131|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הַיְשָׁרָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the).straight|Ref=MIC_3:9!14|MId=o330030090141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 יְשָׁרָ֖ה יָשָׁר ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=[thing]|Ref=MIC_3:9!14|MId=o330030090142|Strong=3477|Type=adjective 19 יְעַקֵּֽשׁוּ עָקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 12 conj _ Gloss=they.make.crooked|Ref=MIC_3:9!15|MId=o330030090151|Strong=6140|Frame=A0:330030090041;A1:330030090142;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=MIC_3:9!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - hedged: yes (נָא) | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שִׁמְעוּ־ *hear* | imperative · qal | רָאשֵׁי *O leaders* | זֹאת *this* | | | | מֲתַעֲבִים *loathe* | participle active · piel | רָאשֵׁי *O leaders* | מִשְׁפָּט *justice* | | | | יְעַקֵּֽשׁוּ *they make crooked* | yiqtol · piel | רָאשֵׁי *O leaders* | יְשָׁרָה *\[thing\]* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} שְׁמָעוּ כְעַן דָא רֵישֵׁי בֵּית יַעֲקֹב וְשִׁלְטוֹנֵי בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל דִי מְקַלְקְלִין אוֹרְחַת דִינָא וְיַת כָּל כְּוַנְתָּא מְעַקְמִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Hear this, I pray you, ye heads of the house of Jacob, and rulers of the house of Israel, that abhor justice, and pervert all equity;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.44/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:MIC:37`. - ← previous: [Micah 3:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.3.8/) - next →: [Micah 3:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.3.10/) - ↑ back to [Micah 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/3/)