--- title: Nahum 2:14 — Behold, I am against thee, saith the LORD of hosts, and I will burn… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Behold, I am against thee, saith the LORD of hosts, and I will burn her chariots in the smoke, and the sword shall devour thy young lions; and I will cut off thy prey from the earth, and the voice of thy messengers shall no more be heard. Who acts: I, LORD, sword. Nahum 2:14 in Hebrew with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.2.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Nahum](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM/2/) / 2:14 # Nahum 2:14 נַחוּם **Who acts:** I, LORD, sword · **What happens:** be, say, burn, devour, cut off, hear · **To what, where:** chariots, smoke, young lions, prey, earth, voice · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Nahum 2:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, LORD, sword — and what happens in the verse to chariots, smoke, young lions, prey, earth, voice, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִנְנִ֣י אֵלַ֗יִךְ נְאֻם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וְהִבְעַרְתִּ֤י בֶֽעָשָׁן֙ רִכְבָּ֔הּ וּכְפִירַ֖יִךְ תֹּ֣אכַל חָ֑רֶב וְהִכְרַתִּ֤י מֵאֶ֙רֶץ֙ טַרְפֵּ֔ךְ וְלֹֽא־יִשָּׁמַ֥ע ע֖וֹד ק֥וֹל מַלְאָכֵֽכֵה׃ס [Behold, I am against thee, saith the LORD of hosts, and I will burn her chariots in the smoke, and the sword shall devour thy young lions; and I will cut off thy prey from the earth, and the voice of thy messengers shall no more be heard.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/NAM.32/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NAM:27 # text = הִנְנִ֣י אֵלַ֗יִךְ נְאֻם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וְהִבְעַרְתִּ֤י בֶֽעָשָׁן֙ רִכְבָּ֔הּ וּכְפִירַ֖יִךְ תֹּ֣אכַל חָ֑רֶב וְהִכְרַתִּ֤י מֵאֶ֙רֶץ֙ טַרְפֵּ֔ךְ וְלֹֽא־יִשָּׁמַ֥ע ע֖וֹד ק֥וֹל מַלְאָכֵֽכֵה׃ס # verse = NAM.2.14 1-2 הִנְנִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הִנ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=here|Ref=NAM_2:14!1|MId=o340020140011|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 2 ְנִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 1 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=NAM_2:14!1|MId=o340020140012|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 3-4 אֵלַ֗יִךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵלַ֗י אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=[am].against|Ref=NAM_2:14!2|MId=o340020140021|Strong=0413 4 ִךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 0 root _ Gloss=you|Ref=NAM_2:14!2|MId=o340020140022|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 5 נְאֻם֙ נְאֻם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Gloss=the.utterance|Ref=NAM_2:14!3|MId=o340020140031|Strong=5002 6 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=NAM_2:14!4|MId=o340020140041|Strong=3068 7 צְבָא֔וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=NAM_2:14!5|MId=o340020140051|Strong=6635 8-9 וְהִבְעַרְתִּ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NAM_2:14!6|MId=o340020140061|Strong=2050b 9 הִבְעַרְתִּ֤י בָּעַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 conj _ Gloss=I.will.burn|Ref=NAM_2:14!6|MId=o340020140062|Strong=1197|Frame=AA:340020140041;A0:340020140081;|Type=qatal 10-12 בֶֽעָשָׁן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בֶֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NAM_2:14!7|MId=o340020140071|Strong=0871a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NAM_2:14!7|MId=o340020140071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 עָשָׁן֙ עָשָׁן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=smoke|Ref=NAM_2:14!7|MId=o340020140072|Strong=6227 13-14 רִכְבָּ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 רִכְבּ רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=chariotry|Ref=NAM_2:14!8|MId=o340020140081|Strong=7393 14 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=NAM_2:14!8|MId=o340020140082|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 15-17 וּכְפִירַ֖יִךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NAM_2:14!9|MId=o340020140091|Strong=2050b 16 כְפִירַ֖י כְּפִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 obj _ Gloss=your.young|Ref=NAM_2:14!9|MId=o340020140092|Strong=3715 17 ִךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=lions|Ref=NAM_2:14!9|MId=o340020140093|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 18 תֹּ֣אכַל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=it.will.consume|Ref=NAM_2:14!10|MId=o340020140101|Strong=0398|Frame=A1:340020140092;A0:340020140111;|Type=yiqtol 19 חָ֑רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].sword|Ref=NAM_2:14!11|MId=o340020140111|Strong=2719 20-21 וְהִכְרַתִּ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NAM_2:14!12|MId=o340020140121|Strong=2050b 21 הִכְרַתִּ֤י כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 conj _ Gloss=I.will.cut.off|Ref=NAM_2:14!12|MId=o340020140122|Strong=3772|Frame=AA:340020140041;A0:340020140141;|Type=weqatal 22-23 מֵאֶ֙רֶץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=NAM_2:14!13|MId=o340020140131|Strong=4480 23 אֶ֙רֶץ֙ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=earth|Ref=NAM_2:14!13|MId=o340020140132|Strong=0776 24-25 טַרְפֵּ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 טַרְפּ טֶרֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=prey|Ref=NAM_2:14!14|MId=o340020140141|Strong=2964 25 ֵ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=NAM_2:14!14|MId=o340020140142|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 26-27 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NAM_2:14!15|MId=o340020140151|Strong=2050b 27 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NAM_2:14!15|MId=o340020140152|Strong=3808|Type=negative 28 יִשָּׁמַ֥ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.heard|Ref=NAM_2:14!16|MId=o340020140161|Strong=8085|Frame=A1:340020140181;|Type=yiqtol 29 ע֖וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=again|Ref=NAM_2:14!17|MId=o340020140171|Strong=5750 30 ק֥וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=the.voice|Ref=NAM_2:14!18|MId=o340020140181|Strong=6963 31-32 מַלְאָכֵֽכֵה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 מַלְאָכֵֽ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.messengers|Ref=NAM_2:14!19|MId=o340020140191|Strong=4397 32 כֵה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=NAM_2:14!19|MId=o340020140192|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=NAM_2:14!19|SpaceAfter=No 34 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=NAM_2:14!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִבְעַרְתִּי *I will burn* | qatal · hiphil | רִכְבּ *chariotry* | | | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | | תֹּאכַל *it will consume* | yiqtol · qal | חָרֶב *\[the\] sword* | כְפִירַי *your young* | | | | הִכְרַתִּי *I will cut off* | weqatal · hiphil | טַרְפּ *prey* | | | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | | **not** יִשָּׁמַע *it will be heard* | yiqtol · niphal | | קוֹל *the voice* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הָא אֲנָא שְׁלַח רוּגְזִי עֲלָךְ אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת וְאַדְלֵיק בְאֶשְׁתָּא רְתִיכָךְ וְכַפְרָנָךְ תִּקְטוֹל חַרְבָּא וֶאֱשֵׁיצֵי מֵאַרְעָא סְחוֹרְתִּיךְ וְלָא יִשְׁתְּמַע עוֹד קַל אִזְגַדָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Behold, I am against thee, saith the LORD of hosts, and I will burn her chariots in the smoke, and the sword shall devour thy young lions; and I will cut off thy prey from the earth, and the voice of thy messengers shall no more be heard.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/NAM.32/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NAM:27`. - ← previous: [Nahum 2:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.2.13/) - next →: [Nahum 3:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.3.1/) - ↑ back to [Nahum 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM/2/)