--- title: Zechariah 1:12 — Then the angel of the LORD spoke and said: 'O LORD of hosts, how lon… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then the angel of the LORD spoke and said: 'O LORD of hosts, how long wilt Thou not have compassion on Jerusalem and on the cities of Judah, against which Thou hast had indignation these threescore and ten years? Who acts: angel, Thou. Zechariah 1:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonath --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zechariah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/1/) / 1:12 # Zechariah 1:12 זְכַרְיָה **Who acts:** angel, Thou · **What happens:** speak, say, not have, have · **To what, where:** compassion, Jerusalem, indignation · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Zechariah 1:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — angel, Thou — and what happens in the verse to compassion, Jerusalem, indignation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Zechariah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֣עַן מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָה֮ וַיֹּאמַר֒ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת עַד־מָתַ֗י אַתָּה֙ לֹֽא־תְרַחֵ֣ם אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר זָעַ֔מְתָּה זֶ֖ה שִׁבְעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ [Then the angel of the LORD spoke and said: 'O LORD of hosts, how long wilt Thou not have compassion on Jerusalem and on the cities of Judah, against which Thou hast had indignation these threescore and ten years?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.11/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ZEC:11 # text = וַיַּ֣עַן מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָה֮ וַיֹּאמַר֒ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת עַד־מָתַ֗י אַתָּה֙ לֹֽא־תְרַחֵ֣ם אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר זָעַ֔מְתָּה זֶ֖ה שִׁבְעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ # verse = ZEC.1.12 1-2 וַיַּ֣עַן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_1:12!1|MId=o380010120011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֣עַן עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.answered|Ref=ZEC_1:12!1|MId=o380010120012|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:380010120021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מַלְאַךְ־ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.angel|Ref=ZEC_1:12!2|MId=o380010120021|Strong=4397|SpaceAfter=No 4 יְהוָה֮ יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=ZEC_1:12!3|MId=o380010120031|Strong=3068 5-6 וַיֹּאמַר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_1:12!4|MId=o380010120041|Strong=2050b 6 יֹּאמַר֒ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=ZEC_1:12!4|MId=o380010120042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:380010120021;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 13 dislocated _ Gloss=O.Yahweh|Ref=ZEC_1:12!5|MId=o380010120051|Strong=3068 8 צְבָא֔וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ZEC_1:12!6|MId=o380010120061|Strong=6635 9 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=until|Ref=ZEC_1:12!7|MId=o380010120071|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 10 מָתַ֗י מָתַי PART _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=when?|Ref=ZEC_1:12!8|MId=o380010120081|Strong=4970|Type=interrogative 11 אַתָּה֙ אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=ZEC_1:12!9|MId=o380010120091|Strong=0859|Type=personal 12 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ZEC_1:12!10|MId=o380010120101|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 13 תְרַחֵ֣ם רָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 ccomp _ Gloss=will.you.have.compassion.on|Ref=ZEC_1:12!11|MId=o380010120111|Strong=7355|Frame=A0:380010120091;A1:380010120131;380010120151;|Type=yiqtol 14 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ZEC_1:12!12|MId=o380010120121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 13 obj _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=ZEC_1:12!13|MId=o380010120131|Strong=3389 16-17 וְאֵ֖ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_1:12!14|MId=o380010120141|Strong=2050b 17 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ZEC_1:12!14|MId=o380010120142|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 18 עָרֵ֣י עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=the.cities|Ref=ZEC_1:12!15|MId=o380010120151|Strong=5892 19 יְהוּדָ֑ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=ZEC_1:12!16|MId=o380010120161|Strong=3063 20 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=ZEC_1:12!17|MId=o380010120171|Strong=0834|Type=relative 21 זָעַ֔מְתָּה זָעַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 15 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.have.been.indignant|Ref=ZEC_1:12!18|MId=o380010120181|Strong=2194|Frame=A0:380010120051;A1:380010120131;380010120151;|Type=qatal 22 זֶ֖ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 24 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=ZEC_1:12!19|MId=o380010120191|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 23 שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁבַע NUM _ Number=Plur 24 nummod _ Gloss=seventy|Ref=ZEC_1:12!20|MId=o380010120201|Strong=7657|Type=cardinal_number 24 שָׁנָֽה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=ZEC_1:12!21|MId=o380010120211|Strong=8141|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=ZEC_1:12!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - indirect: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַן *he answered* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ־ *the angel* | | | | | יֹּאמַר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ־ *the angel* | | | | | **not** תְרַחֵם *will you have compassion on* | yiqtol · piel | אַתָּה *you* | יְרוּשָׁלִַם *Jerusalem* + עָרֵי *the cities* | | | | זָעַמְתָּה *you have been indignant* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *O Yahweh* | יְרוּשָׁלִַם *Jerusalem* + עָרֵי *the cities* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתִיב מַלְאֲכָא דַייָ וַאֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת עַד אֵימָתַי אַתְּ לָא תְרַחַם עַל יְרוּשְׁלֵם וְעַל קִרְוַיָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה דְאַיְתֵיתָא עֲלֵיהוֹן לְוָט דְנַן שַׁבְעִין שְׁנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then the angel of the LORD spoke and said: 'O LORD of hosts, how long wilt Thou not have compassion on Jerusalem and on the cities of Judah, against which Thou hast had indignation these threescore and ten years?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.11/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ZEC:11`. - ← previous: [Zechariah 1:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.11/) - next →: [Zechariah 1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.13/) - ↑ back to [Zechariah 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/1/)