--- title: Zechariah 10:2 — For the teraphim have spoken vanity, and the diviners have seen a li… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For the teraphim have spoken vanity, and the diviners have seen a lie, and the dreams speak falsely, they comfort in vain; therefore they go their way like sheep, they are afflicted, because there is no shepherd. Who acts: teraphim, diviners, dreams, shepherd. Zechariah 10:2 in Hebrew with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.10.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zechariah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/10/) / 10:2 # Zechariah 10:2 זְכַרְיָה **Who acts:** teraphim, diviners, dreams, shepherd · **What happens:** speak, see, comfort, go, afflict, be · **To what, where:** vanity, lie, vain, way, diviners · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Zechariah 10:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — teraphim, diviners, dreams, shepherd — and what happens in the verse to vanity, lie, vain, way, diviners, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Zechariah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֧י הַתְּרָפִ֣ים דִּבְּרוּ־אָ֗וֶן וְהַקּֽוֹסְמִים֙ חָ֣זוּ שֶׁ֔קֶר וַֽחֲלֹמוֹת֙ הַשָּׁ֣ואיְדַבֵּ֔רוּ הֶ֖בֶל יְנַֽחֵמ֑וּן עַל־כֵּן֙ נָסְע֣וּ כְמוֹ־צֹ֔אן יַעֲנ֖וּ כִּֽי־אֵ֥ין רֹעֶֽה׃פ [For the teraphim have spoken vanity, and the diviners have seen a lie, and the dreams speak falsely, they comfort in vain; therefore they go their way like sheep, they are afflicted, because there is no shepherd.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.144/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ZEC:139 # text = כִּ֧י הַתְּרָפִ֣ים דִּבְּרוּ־אָ֗וֶן וְהַקּֽוֹסְמִים֙ חָ֣זוּ שֶׁ֔קֶר וַֽחֲלֹמוֹת֙ הַשָּׁ֣ואיְדַבֵּ֔רוּ הֶ֖בֶל יְנַֽחֵמ֑וּן עַל־כֵּן֙ נָסְע֣וּ כְמוֹ־צֹ֔אן יַעֲנ֖וּ כִּֽי־אֵ֥ין רֹעֶֽה׃פ # verse = ZEC.10.2 1 כִּ֧י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ZEC_10:2!1|MId=o380100020011|Strong=3588 2-3 הַתְּרָפִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ZEC_10:2!2|MId=o380100020021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 תְּרָפִ֣ים תְּרָפִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=teraphim|Ref=ZEC_10:2!2|MId=o380100020022|Strong=8655 4 דִּבְּרוּ־ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.speak|Ref=ZEC_10:2!3|MId=o380100020031|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:380100020022;A1:380100020041;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 5 אָ֗וֶן אָוֶן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=wickedness|Ref=ZEC_10:2!4|MId=o380100020041|Strong=0205 6-8 וְהַקּֽוֹסְמִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_10:2!5|MId=o380100020051|Strong=2050b 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ZEC_10:2!5|MId=o380100020052|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 קּֽוֹסְמִים֙ קָסַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ Gloss=diviners|Ref=ZEC_10:2!5|MId=o380100020053|Strong=7080|Type=participle_active 9 חָ֣זוּ חָזָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.see|Ref=ZEC_10:2!6|MId=o380100020061|Strong=2372|Frame=A0:380100020053;A1:380100020071;|Type=qatal 10 שֶׁ֔קֶר שֶׁקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=falsehood|Ref=ZEC_10:2!7|MId=o380100020071|Strong=8267 11-12 וַֽחֲלֹמוֹת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_10:2!8|MId=o380100020081|Strong=2050b 12 חֲלֹמוֹת֙ חֲלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 obj _ Gloss=the.dreams|Ref=ZEC_10:2!8|MId=o380100020082|Strong=2472 13-15 הַשָּׁ֣ואיְדַבֵּ֔רוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=ZEC_10:2!9|MId=o380100020091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 שָּׁ֣וא שָׁוְא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=worthlessness|Ref=ZEC_10:2!9|MId=o380100020092|Strong=7723 15 יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.speak|Ref=ZEC_10:2!10|MId=o380100020101|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:380100020053;A1:380100020082;|Type=yiqtol 16 הֶ֖בֶל הֶבֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=futility|Ref=ZEC_10:2!11|MId=o380100020111|Strong=1892 17-18 יְנַֽחֵמ֑וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 יְנַֽחֵמ֑וּ נָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 15 ccomp _ Gloss=they|Ref=ZEC_10:2!12|MId=o380100020121|Strong=5162|Frame=A0:380100020053;|Type=yiqtol 18 ן נ X _ _ 17 nmod _ Gloss=comfort|Ref=ZEC_10:2!12|MId=o380100020122|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 19 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=ZEC_10:2!13|MId=o380100020131|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 20 כֵּן֙ כֵּן ADV _ _ 4 conj _ Gloss=|Ref=ZEC_10:2!14|MId=o380100020141|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 21 נָסְע֣וּ נָסַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 17 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.set.out|Ref=ZEC_10:2!15|MId=o380100020151|Strong=5265|Frame=A0:380090160071;|Type=qatal 22 כְמוֹ־ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ZEC_10:2!16|MId=o380100020161|Strong=3644|SpaceAfter=No 23 צֹ֔אן צֹאן NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=sheep|Ref=ZEC_10:2!17|MId=o380100020171|Strong=6629 24 יַעֲנ֖וּ עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 17 parataxis _ Gloss=they.are.afflicted|Ref=ZEC_10:2!18|MId=o380100020181|Strong=6031|Frame=A0:380090160071;|Type=yiqtol 25 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ZEC_10:2!19|MId=o380100020191|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 26 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 17 advcl _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=ZEC_10:2!20|MId=o380100020201|Strong=0369|Type=negative 27 רֹעֶֽה רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=a.shepherd|Ref=ZEC_10:2!21|MId=o380100020211|Strong=7473|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=ZEC_10:2!21|SpaceAfter=No 29 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=ZEC_10:2!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | דִּבְּרוּ־ *they speak* | qatal · piel | תְּרָפִים *teraphim* | אָוֶן *wickedness* | | | | חָזוּ *they see* | qatal · qal | קּֽוֹסְמִים *diviners* | שֶׁקֶר *falsehood* | | | | יְדַבֵּרוּ *they speak* | yiqtol · piel | קּֽוֹסְמִים *diviners* | חֲלֹמוֹת *the dreams* | | | | **not** יְנַֽחֵמוּ *they* | yiqtol · piel | קּֽוֹסְמִים *diviners* | | | | | נָסְעוּ *they have set out* | qatal · qal | | | | | | יַעֲנוּ *they are afflicted* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי פָלְחֵי צַלְמַיָא מְמַלְלִין אוֹנָס וְקוֹסְמַיָא מִתְנַבָּן שְׁקַר וּנְבִיֵי שִׁקְרָא בִּנְבוּאַת שִׁקְרֵיהוֹן שִׁקְרָא מְמַלְלִין לָא מִדָעַם מְנַחֲמִין עַל כֵּן אִתְבַּדָרוּ כְּבַדוּר עָנָא גְלוֹ אֲרֵי לֵית מְלַךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For the teraphim have spoken vanity, and the diviners have seen a lie, and the dreams speak falsely, they comfort in vain; therefore they go their way like sheep, they are afflicted, because there is no shepherd.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.144/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ZEC:139`. - ← previous: [Zechariah 10:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.10.1/) - next →: [Zechariah 10:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.10.3/) - ↑ back to [Zechariah 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/10/)