--- title: Zechariah 8:19 — 'Thus saith the LORD of hosts: The fast of the fourth month, and the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: 'Thus saith the LORD of hosts: The fast of the fourth month, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth, shall be to the house of Judah joy and gladness, and cheerful seasons; therefore love ye truth and peace. Who acts: LORD, fast, ye, fourth month. Zechariah --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.8.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zechariah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/8/) / 8:19 # Zechariah 8:19 זְכַרְיָה **Who acts:** LORD, fast, ye, fourth month · **What happens:** say, be, love, fast · **To what, where:** joy, truth · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Zechariah 8:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, fast, ye, fourth month — and what happens in the verse to joy, truth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Zechariah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת צ֣וֹם הָרְבִיעִ֡י וְצ֣וֹם הַחֲמִישִׁי֩ וְצ֨וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י וְצ֣וֹם הָעֲשִׂירִ֗י יִהְיֶ֤ה לְבֵית־יְהוּדָה֙ לְשָׂשׂ֣וֹן וּלְשִׂמְחָ֔ה וּֽלְמֹעֲדִ֖ים טוֹבִ֑ים וְהָאֱמֶ֥ת וְהַשָּׁל֖וֹם אֱהָֽבוּ׃פ ['Thus saith the LORD of hosts: The fast of the fourth month, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth, shall be to the house of Judah joy and gladness, and cheerful seasons; therefore love ye truth and peace.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.119/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ZEC:116 # text = כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת צ֣וֹם הָרְבִיעִ֡י וְצ֣וֹם הַחֲמִישִׁי֩ וְצ֨וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י וְצ֣וֹם הָעֲשִׂירִ֗י יִהְיֶ֤ה לְבֵית־יְהוּדָה֙ לְשָׂשׂ֣וֹן וּלְשִׂמְחָ֔ה וּֽלְמֹעֲדִ֖ים טוֹבִ֑ים וְהָאֱמֶ֥ת וְהַשָּׁל֖וֹם אֱהָֽבוּ׃פ # verse = ZEC.8.19 1 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=ZEC_8:19!1|MId=o380080190011|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 2 אָמַ֞ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=ZEC_8:19!2|MId=o380080190021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:380080190031;|Type=qatal 3 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ZEC_8:19!3|MId=o380080190031|Strong=3068 4 צְבָא֗וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ZEC_8:19!4|MId=o380080190041|Strong=6635 5 צ֣וֹם צוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=the.fast|Ref=ZEC_8:19!5|MId=o380080190051|Strong=6685 6-7 הָרְבִיעִ֡י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ZEC_8:19!6|MId=o380080190061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 רְבִיעִ֡י רְבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.fourth.[month]|Ref=ZEC_8:19!6|MId=o380080190062|Strong=7243|Type=ordinal_number 8-9 וְצ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_8:19!7|MId=o380080190071|Strong=2050b 9 צ֣וֹם צוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=the.fast|Ref=ZEC_8:19!7|MId=o380080190072|Strong=6685 10-11 הַחֲמִישִׁי֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ZEC_8:19!8|MId=o380080190081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 חֲמִישִׁי֩ חֲמִישִׁי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.fifth.[month]|Ref=ZEC_8:19!8|MId=o380080190082|Strong=2549|Type=ordinal_number 12-13 וְצ֨וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_8:19!9|MId=o380080190091|Strong=2050b 13 צ֨וֹם צוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=the.fast|Ref=ZEC_8:19!9|MId=o380080190092|Strong=6685 14-15 הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ZEC_8:19!10|MId=o380080190101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 שְּׁבִיעִ֜י שְׁבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.seventh.[month]|Ref=ZEC_8:19!10|MId=o380080190102|Strong=7637|Type=ordinal_number 16-17 וְצ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_8:19!11|MId=o380080190111|Strong=2050b 17 צ֣וֹם צוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=the.fast|Ref=ZEC_8:19!11|MId=o380080190112|Strong=6685 18-19 הָעֲשִׂירִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ZEC_8:19!12|MId=o380080190121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 עֲשִׂירִ֗י עֲשִׂירִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.tenth.[month]|Ref=ZEC_8:19!12|MId=o380080190122|Strong=6224|Type=ordinal_number 20 יִהְיֶ֤ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 22 cop _ Gloss=it.will.become|Ref=ZEC_8:19!13|MId=o380080190131|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:380080190051;380080190072;380080190092;380080190112;|Type=yiqtol 21-22 לְבֵית־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ZEC_8:19!14|MId=o380080190141|Strong=3807a 22 בֵית־ בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=ZEC_8:19!14|MId=o380080190142|Strong=1004 23 יְהוּדָה֙ יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=ZEC_8:19!15|MId=o380080190151|Strong=3063 24-25 לְשָׂשׂ֣וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(into)|Ref=ZEC_8:19!16|MId=o380080190161|Strong=3807a 25 שָׂשׂ֣וֹן שָׂשׂוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=joy|Ref=ZEC_8:19!16|MId=o380080190162|Strong=8342 26-28 וּלְשִׂמְחָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_8:19!17|MId=o380080190171|Strong=2050b 27 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=(into)|Ref=ZEC_8:19!17|MId=o380080190172|Strong=3807a 28 שִׂמְחָ֔ה שִׂמְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=gladness|Ref=ZEC_8:19!17|MId=o380080190173|Strong=8057 29-31 וּֽלְמֹעֲדִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and.(into)|Ref=ZEC_8:19!18|MId=o380080190181|Strong=2050b 30 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=appointed|Ref=ZEC_8:19!18|MId=o380080190182|Strong=3807a 31 מֹעֲדִ֖ים מוֹעֵד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 conj _ Gloss=feasts|Ref=ZEC_8:19!18|MId=o380080190183|Strong=4150 32 טוֹבִ֑ים טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 amod _ Gloss=good|Ref=ZEC_8:19!19|MId=o380080190191|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 33-35 וְהָאֱמֶ֥ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_8:19!20|MId=o380080190201|Strong=2050b 34 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ZEC_8:19!20|MId=o380080190202|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 אֱמֶ֥ת אֱמֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 39 obj _ Gloss=truth|Ref=ZEC_8:19!20|MId=o380080190203|Strong=0571 36-38 וְהַשָּׁל֖וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_8:19!21|MId=o380080190211|Strong=2050b 37 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ZEC_8:19!21|MId=o380080190212|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 שָּׁל֖וֹם שָׁלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 conj _ Gloss=peace|Ref=ZEC_8:19!21|MId=o380080190213|Strong=7965 39 אֱהָֽבוּ אָהֵב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 22 conj _ Gloss=love|Ref=ZEC_8:19!22|MId=o380080190221|Strong=0157|Frame=A0:380080190142;A1:380080190203;380080190213;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=ZEC_8:19!22|SpaceAfter=No 41 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=ZEC_8:19!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יִהְיֶה *it will become* | yiqtol · qal | צוֹם *the fast* + צוֹם *the fast* + צוֹם *the fast* + צוֹם *the fast* | | | | | אֱהָֽבוּ *love* | imperative · qal | בֵית־ *the house* | אֱמֶת *truth* + שָּׁלוֹם *peace* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת צוֹמָא רְבִיעָאָה וְצוֹמָא חֲמִישָׁאָה וְצוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה וְצוֹמָא עֲשִׂירָאָה יְהֵי לְבֵית יְהוּדָה לְבִיעַ וּלְחֶדְוָא וּלְמוֹעֲדִין טָבִין וְקוּשְׁטָא וּשְׁלָמָא רְחִימָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. ['Thus saith the LORD of hosts: The fast of the fourth month, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth, shall be to the house of Judah joy and gladness, and cheerful seasons; therefore love ye truth and peace.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.119/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ZEC:116`. - ← previous: [Zechariah 8:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.8.18/) - next →: [Zechariah 8:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.8.20/) - ↑ back to [Zechariah 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/8/)