--- title: Zechariah 8:23 — Thus saith the LORD of hosts: In those days it shall come to pass, t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: In those days it shall come to pass, that ten men shall take hold, out of all the languages of the nations, shall even take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying: We will go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.' Who acts: LORD, ten men, We, God. Ze --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.8.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zechariah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/8/) / 8:23 # Zechariah 8:23 זְכַרְיָה **Who acts:** LORD, ten men, We, God · **What happens:** say, come, pass, take, be, go · **To what, where:** favour, hold, languages, Jew, skirt · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Zechariah 8:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, ten men, We, God — and what happens in the verse to favour, hold, languages, Jew, skirt, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Zechariah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כֹּ֥האָמַר֮ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאוֹת֒ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔מָּה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַחֲזִ֙יקוּ֙ עֲשָׂרָ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֔ים מִכֹּ֖ל לְשֹׁנ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וְֽהֶחֱזִ֡יקוּ בִּכְנַף֩ אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדִ֜י לֵאמֹ֗ר נֵֽלְכָה֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם כִּ֥י שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים עִמָּכֶֽם׃ס [Thus saith the LORD of hosts: In those days it shall come to pass, that ten men shall take hold, out of all the languages of the nations, shall even take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying: We will go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.123/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ZEC:120 # text = כֹּ֥האָמַר֮ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאוֹת֒ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔מָּה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַחֲזִ֙יקוּ֙ עֲשָׂרָ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֔ים מִכֹּ֖ל לְשֹׁנ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וְֽהֶחֱזִ֡יקוּ בִּכְנַף֩ אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדִ֜י לֵאמֹ֗ר נֵֽלְכָה֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם כִּ֥י שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים עִמָּכֶֽם׃ס # verse = ZEC.8.23 1-2 כֹּ֥האָמַר֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 כֹּ֥ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=ZEC_8:23!1|MId=o380080230011|Strong=3541 2 אָמַר֮ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=ZEC_8:23!2|MId=o380080230021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:380080230031;|Type=qatal 3 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ZEC_8:23!3|MId=o380080230031|Strong=3068 4 צְבָאוֹת֒ צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ZEC_8:23!4|MId=o380080230041|Strong=6635 5-7 בַּיָּמִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ZEC_8:23!5|MId=o380080230051|Strong=0871a 6 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ZEC_8:23!5|MId=o380080230051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 יָּמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 ccomp _ Gloss=days|Ref=ZEC_8:23!5|MId=o380080230052|Strong=3117 8-9 הָהֵ֔מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ZEC_8:23!6|MId=o380080230061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 הֵ֔מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 det _ Gloss=those|Ref=ZEC_8:23!6|MId=o380080230062|Strong=1992|Type=personal 10 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=ZEC_8:23!7|MId=o380080230071|Strong=0834|Type=relative 11 יַחֲזִ֙יקוּ֙ חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 7 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.take.hold|Ref=ZEC_8:23!8|MId=o380080230081|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:380080230101;|Type=yiqtol 12 עֲשָׂרָ֣ה עֲשָׂרָה NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nummod _ Gloss=ten|Ref=ZEC_8:23!9|MId=o380080230091|Strong=6235|Type=cardinal_number 13 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=ZEC_8:23!10|MId=o380080230101|Strong=0376 14-15 מִכֹּ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ZEC_8:23!11|MId=o380080230111|Strong=4480 15 כֹּ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nmod _ Gloss=all|Ref=ZEC_8:23!11|MId=o380080230112|Strong=3605 16 לְשֹׁנ֣וֹת לָשׁוֹן NOUN _ Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.languages|Ref=ZEC_8:23!12|MId=o380080230121|Strong=3956 17-18 הַגּוֹיִ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ZEC_8:23!13|MId=o380080230131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 גּוֹיִ֑ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.nations|Ref=ZEC_8:23!13|MId=o380080230132|Strong=1471 19-20 וְֽהֶחֱזִ֡יקוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEC_8:23!14|MId=o380080230141|Strong=2050b 20 הֶחֱזִ֡יקוּ חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 11 conj _ Gloss=they.will.take.hold|Ref=ZEC_8:23!14|MId=o380080230142|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:380080230101;|Type=qatal 21-22 בִּכְנַף֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ZEC_8:23!15|MId=o380080230151|Strong=0871a 22 כְנַף֩ כָּנָף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=the.skirt|Ref=ZEC_8:23!15|MId=o380080230152|Strong=3671 23 אִ֨ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.person|Ref=ZEC_8:23!16|MId=o380080230161|Strong=0376 24 יְהוּדִ֜י יְהוּדִי PROPN _ _ 23 appos _ Gloss=a.Jew|Ref=ZEC_8:23!17|MId=o380080230171|Strong=3064 25-26 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 27 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=ZEC_8:23!18|MId=o380080230181|Strong=3807a 26 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=ZEC_8:23!18|MId=o380080230182|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:380080230101;A1:380080230191;|Type=infinitive_construct 27 נֵֽלְכָה֙ הלך VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 20 advcl _ Gloss=we.want.to.go|Ref=ZEC_8:23!19|MId=o380080230191|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:380080230101;|Type=cohortative 28-29 עִמָּכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ZEC_8:23!20|MId=o380080230201|Strong=5973 29 ָכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=ZEC_8:23!20|MId=o380080230202|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 30 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 31 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ZEC_8:23!21|MId=o380080230211|Strong=3588 31 שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 27 parataxis _ Gloss=we.have.heard|Ref=ZEC_8:23!22|MId=o380080230221|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:380080230101;A1:380080230242;|Type=qatal 32 אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=ZEC_8:23!23|MId=o380080230231|Strong=0430 33-34 עִמָּכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=[is].with|Ref=ZEC_8:23!24|MId=o380080230241|Strong=5973 34 ָכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 31 ccomp _ Gloss=you|Ref=ZEC_8:23!24|MId=o380080230242|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=ZEC_8:23!24|SpaceAfter=No 36 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=ZEC_8:23!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יַחֲזִיקוּ *they will take hold* | yiqtol · hiphil | אֲנָשִׁים *people* | | | | | הֶחֱזִיקוּ *they will take hold* | qatal · hiphil | אֲנָשִׁים *people* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *people* | נֵֽלְכָה *we want to go* | | | | נֵֽלְכָה *we want to go* | cohortative · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *people* | | | | | שָׁמַעְנוּ *we have heard* | qatal · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *people* | ָכֶֽם *you* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת בְּיוֹמַיָא הָאִינוּן דִי יִתְקְפוּן עַשְׂרִין גַבְרָא מִכָּל לִישְׁנֵי עַמְמַיָא וְיִתְקְפוּן בִּכְנַף גְבַר יְהוּדִי לְמֵימַר נֵיזֵיל עִמְכוֹן אֲרֵי שְׁמַעְנָא דְמֵימְרָא דַייָ בְּסַעְדְכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thus saith the LORD of hosts: In those days it shall come to pass, that ten men shall take hold, out of all the languages of the nations, shall even take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying: We will go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.123/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ZEC:120`. - ← previous: [Zechariah 8:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.8.22/) - next →: [Zechariah 9:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.9.1/) - ↑ back to [Zechariah 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC/8/)