--- title: Zephaniah 1:12 — And it shall come to pass at that time, that I will search Jerusalem… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it shall come to pass at that time, that I will search Jerusalem with lamps; and I will punish the men that are settled on their lees, that say in their heart: 'The LORD will not do good, neither will He do evil.' Who acts: silver, I, men, LORD. Zephaniah 1:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.1.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zephaniah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP/1/) / 1:12 # Zephaniah 1:12 צְפַנְיָה **Who acts:** silver, I, men, LORD · **What happens:** come, pass, search, punish, settle, say · **To what, where:** Jerusalem, men, lees, heart, good, evil · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Zephaniah 1:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — silver, I, men, LORD — and what happens in the verse to Jerusalem, men, lees, heart, good, evil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Zephaniah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָיָה֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔יא אֲחַפֵּ֥שׂ אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם בַּנֵּר֑וֹת וּפָקַדְתִּ֣י עַל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַקֹּֽפְאִים֙ עַל־שִׁמְרֵיהֶ֔ם הָאֹֽמְרִים֙ בִּלְבָבָ֔ם לֹֽא־יֵיטִ֥יב יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א יָרֵֽעַ׃ [And it shall come to pass at that time, that I will search Jerusalem with lamps; and I will punish the men that are settled on their lees, that say in their heart: 'The LORD will not do good, neither will He do evil.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEP.11/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ZEP:11 # text = וְהָיָה֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔יא אֲחַפֵּ֥שׂ אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם בַּנֵּר֑וֹת וּפָקַדְתִּ֣י עַל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַקֹּֽפְאִים֙ עַל־שִׁמְרֵיהֶ֔ם הָאֹֽמְרִים֙ בִּלְבָבָ֔ם לֹֽא־יֵיטִ֥יב יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א יָרֵֽעַ׃ # verse = ZEP.1.12 1-2 וְהָיָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEP_1:12!1|MId=o360010120011|Strong=2050b 2 הָיָה֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=ZEP_1:12!1|MId=o360010120012|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 3-5 בָּעֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=ZEP_1:12!2|MId=o360010120021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ZEP_1:12!2|MId=o360010120021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עֵ֣ת עֵת NOUN _ Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=time|Ref=ZEP_1:12!2|MId=o360010120022|Strong=6256 6-7 הַהִ֔יא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ZEP_1:12!3|MId=o360010120031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 הִ֔יא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=ZEP_1:12!3|MId=o360010120032|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 8 אֲחַפֵּ֥שׂ חָפַשׂ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 parataxis _ Gloss=I.will.search|Ref=ZEP_1:12!4|MId=o360010120041|Strong=2664|Frame=A0:360010100051;A1:360010120061;|Type=yiqtol 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ZEP_1:12!5|MId=o360010120051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 8 obj _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=ZEP_1:12!6|MId=o360010120061|Strong=3389 11-13 בַּנֵּר֑וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ZEP_1:12!7|MId=o360010120071|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ZEP_1:12!7|MId=o360010120071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 נֵּר֑וֹת נֵר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obl _ Gloss=lamps|Ref=ZEP_1:12!7|MId=o360010120072|Strong=5216 14-15 וּפָקַדְתִּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEP_1:12!8|MId=o360010120081|Strong=2050b 15 פָקַדְתִּ֣י פָּקַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 conj _ Gloss=I.will.visit.[judgment]|Ref=ZEP_1:12!8|MId=o360010120082|Strong=6485|Frame=A0:360010100051;|Type=weqatal 16 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ZEP_1:12!9|MId=o360010120091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ZEP_1:12!10|MId=o360010120101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=ZEP_1:12!10|MId=o360010120102|Strong=0376 19-20 הַקֹּֽפְאִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=ZEP_1:12!11|MId=o360010120111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 קֹּֽפְאִים֙ קָפָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=are].thickening|Ref=ZEP_1:12!11|MId=o360010120112|Strong=7087|Frame=A0:360010120102;|Type=participle_active 21 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ZEP_1:12!12|MId=o360010120121|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 שִׁמְרֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 שִׁמְרֵי שֶׁמֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=lees|Ref=ZEP_1:12!13|MId=o360010120131|Strong=8105 23 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=ZEP_1:12!13|MId=o360010120132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24-25 הָאֹֽמְרִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=ZEP_1:12!14|MId=o360010120141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אֹֽמְרִים֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=are].saying|Ref=ZEP_1:12!14|MId=o360010120142|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:360010120102;A1:360010120171;360010120201;|Type=participle_active 26-28 בִּלְבָבָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ZEP_1:12!15|MId=o360010120151|Strong=0871a 27 לְבָב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=heart|Ref=ZEP_1:12!15|MId=o360010120152|Strong=3824 28 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=ZEP_1:12!15|MId=o360010120153|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 29 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 30 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ZEP_1:12!16|MId=o360010120161|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 30 יֵיטִ֥יב יָטַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 25 ccomp _ Gloss=he.will.do.good|Ref=ZEP_1:12!17|MId=o360010120171|Strong=3190|Frame=A0:360010120181;|Type=yiqtol 31 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 30 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ZEP_1:12!18|MId=o360010120181|Strong=3068 32-33 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEP_1:12!19|MId=o360010120191|Strong=2050b 33 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 34 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ZEP_1:12!19|MId=o360010120192|Strong=3808|Type=negative 34 יָרֵֽעַ רָעַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 30 conj _ Gloss=he.will.do.harm|Ref=ZEP_1:12!20|MId=o360010120201|Strong=7489|Frame=A0:360010120181;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=ZEP_1:12!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֲחַפֵּשׂ *I will search* | yiqtol · piel | | יְרוּשָׁלִַם *Jerusalem* | | | | פָקַדְתִּי *I will visit \[judgment\]* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | קֹּֽפְאִים *are\] thickening* | participle active · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *people* | | | | | אֹֽמְרִים *are\] saying* | participle active · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *people* | יֵיטִיב *he will do good* + יָרֵֽעַ *he will do harm* | | | | **not** יֵיטִיב *he will do good* | yiqtol · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | **not** יָרֵֽעַ *he will do harm* | yiqtol · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיהֵי בְעִדָנָא הַהִיא אֲפַקֵיד בָּלוֹשִׁין וְיִבְלְשׁוּן יַת יְרוּשְׁלֵם כְּמָא דְבָלְשִׁין בְּנִבְרַשְׁתָּא וְאַסְעַר עַל גִבָּרַיָא דְשָׁלָן שְׁלֵיוָא עַל נִכְסֵיהוֹן דְאָמְרִין בְּלִבְּהוֹן לָא רַעֲוָא קֳדָם יְיָ לְאַיְטָבָא לְצַדִיקַיָא וְאַף לָא לְאַבְאָשָׁא לְרַשִׁיעַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it shall come to pass at that time, that I will search Jerusalem with lamps; and I will punish the men that are settled on their lees, that say in their heart: 'The LORD will not do good, neither will He do evil.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEP.11/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ZEP:11`. - ← previous: [Zephaniah 1:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.1.11/) - next →: [Zephaniah 1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.1.13/) - ↑ back to [Zephaniah 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP/1/)