--- title: Zephaniah 1:18 — Neither their silver nor their gold shall be able to deliver them in… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Neither their silver nor their gold shall be able to deliver them in the day of the LORD'S wrath; but the whole earth shall be devoured by the fire of His jealousy; for He will make and end, yea, a terrible end, of all them that dwell in the earth. Who acts: silver, fire, LORD. Zephaniah 1:18 in Heb --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.1.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Zephaniah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP/1/) / 1:18 # Zephaniah 1:18 צְפַנְיָה **Who acts:** silver, fire, LORD · **What happens:** be, deliver, devour, make, dwell, fire · **To what, where:** man, whole earth, terrible end, earth, jealousy This is Zephaniah 1:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — silver, fire, LORD — and what happens in the verse to man, whole earth, terrible end, earth, jealousy, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Zephaniah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. גַּם־כַּסְפָּ֨ם גַּם־זְהָבָ֜ם לֹֽא־יוּכַ֣ל לְהַצִּילָ֗ם בְּיוֹם֙ עֶבְרַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה וּבְאֵשׁ֙ קִנְאָת֔וֹ תֵּאָכֵ֖ל כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּֽי־כָלָ֤ה אַךְ־נִבְהָלָה֙ יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה אֵ֥ת כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֖י הָאָֽרֶץ׃ס [Neither their silver nor their gold shall be able to deliver them in the day of the LORD'S wrath; but the whole earth shall be devoured by the fire of His jealousy; for He will make and end, yea, a terrible end, of all them that dwell in the earth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEP.17/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ZEP:17 # text = גַּם־כַּסְפָּ֨ם גַּם־זְהָבָ֜ם לֹֽא־יוּכַ֣ל לְהַצִּילָ֗ם בְּיוֹם֙ עֶבְרַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה וּבְאֵשׁ֙ קִנְאָת֔וֹ תֵּאָכֵ֖ל כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּֽי־כָלָ֤ה אַךְ־נִבְהָלָה֙ יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה אֵ֥ת כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֖י הָאָֽרֶץ׃ס # verse = ZEP.1.18 1 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=neither|Ref=ZEP_1:18!1|MId=o360010180011|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 2-3 כַּסְפָּ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 כַּסְפּ כֶּסֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Gloss=silver|Ref=ZEP_1:18!2|MId=o360010180021|Strong=3701 3 ָ֨ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=ZEP_1:18!2|MId=o360010180022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 4 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=nor|Ref=ZEP_1:18!3|MId=o360010180031|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 זְהָבָ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 זְהָב זָהָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=gold|Ref=ZEP_1:18!4|MId=o360010180041|Strong=2091 6 ָ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=ZEP_1:18!4|MId=o360010180042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ZEP_1:18!5|MId=o360010180051|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 8 יוּכַ֣ל יָכֹל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.be.able|Ref=ZEP_1:18!6|MId=o360010180061|Strong=3201|Frame=A0:360010180021;360010180041;|Type=yiqtol 9-11 לְהַצִּילָ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ZEP_1:18!7|MId=o360010180071|Strong=3807a 10 הַצִּיל נָצַל VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 8 xcomp _ Gloss=deliver|Ref=ZEP_1:18!7|MId=o360010180072|Strong=5337|Frame=AA:360010180021;360010180041;A0:360010180073;|Type=infinitive_construct 11 ָ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=ZEP_1:18!7|MId=o360010180073|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12-13 בְּיוֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ZEP_1:18!8|MId=o360010180081|Strong=0871a 13 יוֹם֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=ZEP_1:18!8|MId=o360010180082|Strong=3117 14 עֶבְרַ֣ת עֶבְרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.fury|Ref=ZEP_1:18!9|MId=o360010180091|Strong=5678 15 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=ZEP_1:18!10|MId=o360010180101|Strong=3068 16-18 וּבְאֵשׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ZEP_1:18!11|MId=o360010180111|Strong=2050b 17 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ZEP_1:18!11|MId=o360010180112|Strong=0871a 18 אֵשׁ֙ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=the.fire|Ref=ZEP_1:18!11|MId=o360010180113|Strong=0784 19-20 קִנְאָת֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 קִנְאָת קִנְאָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.jealousy|Ref=ZEP_1:18!12|MId=o360010180121|Strong=7068 20 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ZEP_1:18!12|MId=o360010180122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 21 תֵּאָכֵ֖ל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.consumed|Ref=ZEP_1:18!13|MId=o360010180131|Strong=0398|Frame=A1:360010180152;|Type=yiqtol 22 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=ZEP_1:18!14|MId=o360010180141|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 הָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ZEP_1:18!15|MId=o360010180151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=earth|Ref=ZEP_1:18!15|MId=o360010180152|Strong=0776 25 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ZEP_1:18!16|MId=o360010180161|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 26 כָלָ֤ה כָּלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 29 obj _ Gloss=complete.destruction|Ref=ZEP_1:18!17|MId=o360010180171|Strong=3617 27 אַךְ־ אַךְ ADV _ _ 26 amod _ Gloss=surely|Ref=ZEP_1:18!18|MId=o360010180181|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 28 נִבְהָלָה֙ בָּהַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 27 nmod _ Gloss=[that.which.is].terrible|Ref=ZEP_1:18!19|MId=o360010180191|Strong=0926|Frame=A0:360010180171;|Type=participle_passive 29 יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 advcl _ Gloss=he.will.make|Ref=ZEP_1:18!20|MId=o360010180201|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:360010180101;A1:360010180171;|Type=yiqtol 30 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ZEP_1:18!21|MId=o360010180211|Strong=0854|Type=direct_object_marker 31 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=ZEP_1:18!22|MId=o360010180221|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 32 יֹשְׁבֵ֖י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.inhabitants|Ref=ZEP_1:18!23|MId=o360010180231|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 33-34 הָאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ZEP_1:18!24|MId=o360010180241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.earth|Ref=ZEP_1:18!24|MId=o360010180242|Strong=0776 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=ZEP_1:18!24|SpaceAfter=No 36 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=ZEP_1:18!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יוּכַל *it will be able* | yiqtol · qal | כַּסְפּ *silver* + זְהָב *gold* | | | | | הַצִּיל *deliver* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָם *them* | | | כַּסְפּ *silver* + זְהָב *gold* | | תֵּאָכֵל *it will be consumed* | yiqtol · niphal | | אָרֶץ *earth* | | | | נִבְהָלָה *\[that which is\] terrible* | participle passive · niphal | כָלָה *complete destruction* | | | | | יַֽעֲשֶׂה *he will make* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | כָלָה *complete destruction* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אַף כַּסְפֵּיהוֹן אַף דְהַבְהוֹן לָא יוּכַל לְשֵׁיזְבוּתְהוֹן בְּיוֹם רוּגְזָא דַייָ וּבְאָשָׁא דְפוּרְעֲנוּתֵיהּ יְסוּפוּן כָּל רַשִׁיעֵי אַרְעָא אֲרֵי גְמִירָא בְּרַם שֵׁיצָאָה יַעְבֵּיד עִם כָּל יַתְבֵי אַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Neither their silver nor their gold shall be able to deliver them in the day of the LORD'S wrath; but the whole earth shall be devoured by the fire of His jealousy; for He will make and end, yea, a terrible end, of all them that dwell in the earth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEP.17/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ZEP:17`. - ← previous: [Zephaniah 1:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.1.17/) - next →: [Zephaniah 2:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP.2.1/) - ↑ back to [Zephaniah 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEP/1/)