---
title: 1 Kings 1:11 (JPS 1917) — Then Nathan spoke unto Bath-sheba the mother of Solomon, saying: 'Ha… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Nathan spoke unto Bath-sheba the mother of Solomon, saying: 'Hast thou not heard that Adonijah the son of Haggith doth reign, and David our lord knoweth it not? Who acts: Nathan, thou, Adonijah, David. 1 Kings 1:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 1:11 · JPS 1917

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Then Nathan spoke unto Bath-sheba the mother of Solomon, saying: 'Hast thou not heard that Adonijah the son of Haggith doth reign, and David our lord knoweth it not?

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**Who acts:** Nathan, thou, Adonijah, David · **What happens:** speak, say, not hear, reign, not know · **To what, where:** prophet · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 1:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nathan, thou, Adonijah, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:10
# text = Then Nathan spoke unto Bath-sheba the mother of Solomon, saying: 'Hast thou not heard that Adonijah the son of Haggith doth reign, and David our lord knoweth it not?
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Nathan	Nathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Bath	Bath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	_
7	sheba	Sheba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Solomon	Solomon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
15	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
16	Hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
17	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	ccomp	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
21	Adonijah	Adonijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Haggith	Haggith	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	doth	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	reign	reign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	ccomp	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
30	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
31	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	appos	_	_
33	knoweth	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	_
35	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	33	advmod	_	_
36	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed act=assert, indirect=1

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Nathan |  |  |  | then | unto Bath | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Nathan *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **hear** | present · perfect | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **reign** | present · do-support | Adonijah |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **know** | present | David | prophet |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֣אמֶר נָתָ֗ן אֶל־בַּת־שֶׁ֤בַעבַּת־שֶׁ֤בַע אֵם־שְׁלֹמֹה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הֲל֣וֹא שָׁמַ֔עַתְּ כִּ֥י מָלַ֖ךְ אֲדֹנִיָּ֣הוּ בֶן־חַגִּ֑ית וַאֲדֹנֵ֥ינוּ דָוִ֖ד לֹ֥א יָדָֽע׃

[1 Kings 1:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.1.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:10` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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