---
title: 1 Kings 4:5 (JPS 1917) — and Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; and Zabud the s… · tree and pragmatics
description: and Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; and Zabud the son of Nathan was chief minister and the king's friend; Who acts: Azariah, Zabud. 1 Kings 4:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 4:5 · JPS 1917

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and Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; and Zabud the son of Nathan was chief minister and the king's friend;

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**Who acts:** Azariah, Zabud · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** officers, chief minister

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This is 1 Kings 4:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Azariah, Zabud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:141
# text = and Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; and Zabud the son of Nathan was chief minister and the king's friend;
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	Azariah	Azariah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Nathan	Nathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	officers	officer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
13	Zabud	Zabud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Nathan	Nathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	's	's	PART	POS	_	23	case	_	_
25	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Azariah |  |  | the officers and chief minister and the king's friend |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Zabud | chief minister and the king's friend |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַעֲזַרְיָ֥הוּ בֶן־נָתָ֖ן עַל־הַנִּצָּבִ֑ים וְזָב֧וּד בֶּן־נָתָ֛ן כֹּהֵ֖ן רֵעֶ֥ה הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃

[1 Kings 4:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.4.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:141` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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