---
title: 1 Kings 5:13 (JPS 1917) — And he spoke of trees, from the cedar that is in Lebanon even unto t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he spoke of trees, from the cedar that is in Lebanon even unto the hyssop that springeth out of the wall; he spoke also of beasts, and of fowl, and of creeping things, and of fishes. Who acts: Solomon, cedar, hyssop. 1 Kings 5:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# 1 Kings 5:13 · JPS 1917

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And he spoke of trees, from the cedar that is in Lebanon even unto the hyssop that springeth out of the wall; he spoke also of beasts, and of fowl, and of creeping things, and of fishes.

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**Who acts:** Solomon, cedar, hyssop · **What happens:** speak, be, spring out, creep · **To what, where:** cedar, Lebanon, wall · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 5:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Solomon, cedar, hyssop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:169
# text = And he spoke of trees, from the cedar that is in Lebanon even unto the hyssop that springeth out of the wall; he spoke also of beasts, and of fowl, and of creeping things, and of fishes.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cedar	cedar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Lebanon	Lebanon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	even	even	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
15	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	hyssop	hyssop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	springeth	spring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
20	out	out	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
27	also	also	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	fowl	fowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	creeping	creep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	38	amod	_	_
38	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	fishes	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Solomon |  |  | the cedar unto the hyssop |  | of trees | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the cedar unto the hyssop |  |  | Lebanon |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **spring out** | present | the hyssop | the wall |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location wall=Theme |
| 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Solomon |  |  |  |  | of beasts and fowl and creeping things and fishes | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **creep** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיְדַבֵּר֮ עַל־הָֽעֵצִים֒ מִן־הָאֶ֙רֶז֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּלְּבָנ֔וֹן וְעַד֙ הָאֵז֔וֹב אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֹצֵ֖א בַּקִּ֑יר וַיְדַבֵּר֙ עַל־הַבְּהֵמָ֣ה וְעַל־הָע֔וֹף וְעַל־הָרֶ֖מֶשׂ וְעַל־הַדָּגִֽים׃

[1 Kings 5:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.5.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:169` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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