---
title: 1 Kings 8:5 (JPS 1917) — And king Solomon and all the congregation of Israel, that were assem… · tree and pragmatics
description: And king Solomon and all the congregation of Israel, that were assembled unto him, were with him before the ark, sacrificing sheep and oxen, that could not be told nor numbered for multitude. Who acts: Solomon. 1 Kings 8:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 8:5 · JPS 1917

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And king Solomon and all the congregation of Israel, that were assembled unto him, were with him before the ark, sacrificing sheep and oxen, that could not be told nor numbered for multitude.

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**Who acts:** Solomon · **What happens:** assemble, be, sacrifice, not tell, number · **To what, where:** congregation, sheep, oxen · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 8:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Solomon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:287
# text = And king Solomon and all the congregation of Israel, that were assembled unto him, were with him before the ark, sacrificing sheep and oxen, that could not be told nor numbered for multitude.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:desc	_	_
3	Solomon	Solomon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	congregation	congregation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
14	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	_
20	before	before	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	ark	ark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	sacrificing	sacrifice	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	advcl	_	_
25	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	33	advmod	_	_
32	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl:relcl	_	_
34	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	35	cc	_	_
35	numbered	number	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	conj	_	_
36	for	for	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assemble** | past · passive |  | all congregation of Israel |  |  |  | unto Solomon | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | Solomon  king and all congregation of Israel |  |  |  | before the ark | with Solomon | tree rules |
| 3 | **sacrifice** | gerund | Solomon  king and all congregation of Israel *not said here* | sheep and oxen |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | could · passive |  | oxen |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 5 | **number** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | for multitude | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה וְכָל־עֲדַ֤ת יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ הַנּוֹעָדִ֣ים עָלָ֔יו אִתּ֖וֹ לִפְנֵ֣י הָֽאָר֑וֹן מְזַבְּחִים֙ צֹ֣אן וּבָקָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־יִסָּפְר֛וּ וְלֹ֥א יִמָּנ֖וּ מֵרֹֽב׃

[1 Kings 8:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.8.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:287` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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