---
title: 1 Kings 8:12 (JPS 1917) — Then spoke Solomon: The LORD hath said that He would dwell in the th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then spoke Solomon: The LORD hath said that He would dwell in the thick darkness. Who acts: Solomon, LORD. 1 Kings 8:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 8:12 · JPS 1917

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Then spoke Solomon: The LORD hath said that He would dwell in the thick darkness.

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**Who acts:** Solomon, LORD · **What happens:** speak, say, dwell · **To what, where:** thick darkness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 8:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Solomon, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:294
# text = Then spoke Solomon: The LORD hath said that He would dwell in the thick darkness.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Solomon	Solomon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
5	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	ccomp	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	dwell	dwell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Solomon |  |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · perfect | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **dwell** | would | LORD |  |  | the thick darkness |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in darkness=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אָ֖ז אָמַ֣ר שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה יְהוָ֣ה אָמַ֔ר לִשְׁכֹּ֖ן בָּעֲרָפֶֽל׃

[1 Kings 8:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.8.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:294` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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