---
title: 1 Kings 1:31 (JPS 1917) — Then Bath-sheba bowed with her face to the earth, and prostrated her… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Bath-sheba bowed with her face to the earth, and prostrated herself to the king, and said: 'Let my lord king David live for ever.' Who acts: Bath sheba, lord king. 1 Kings 1:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 1:31 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then Bath-sheba bowed with her face to the earth, and prostrated herself to the king, and said: 'Let my lord king David live for ever.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Bath sheba, lord king · **What happens:** bow, prostrate, say, let, live · **To what, where:** sheba · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Kings 1:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bath sheba, lord king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:31
# text = Then Bath-sheba bowed with her face to the earth, and prostrated herself to the king, and said: 'Let my lord king David live for ever.'
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	Bath	Bath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	_
4	sheba	Sheba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	bowed	bow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	prostrated	prostrate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
15	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	14	obj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	_
24	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	ccomp	_	_
25	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
28	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	appos	_	_
29	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	ccomp	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	ever	ever	ADV	RB	_	29	obl	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
33	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bow** | past | Bath sheba |  |  |  | then | with sheba's face; to the earth | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to earth=Theme |
| 2 | **prostrate** | past | Bath sheba *not said here* | sheba |  |  |  | to the king | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Bath sheba *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **let** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **live** | infinitive | lord king |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתִּקֹּ֨ד בַּת־שֶׁ֤בַעבַּת־שֶׁ֤בַע אַפַּ֙יִם֙ אֶ֔רֶץ וַתִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַתֹּ֕אמֶר יְחִ֗י אֲדֹנִ֛י הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ דָּוִ֖ד לְעֹלָֽם׃פ

[1 Kings 1:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.1.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:31` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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