---
title: 1 Kings 8:35 (JPS 1917) — When heaven is shut up, and there is no rain, when they do sin again… · tree and pragmatics
description: When heaven is shut up, and there is no rain, when they do sin against Thee; if they pray toward this place, and confess Thy name, and turn from their sin, when Thou dost afflict them; Who acts: people, Thou, Thy. 1 Kings 8:35 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 8:35 · JPS 1917

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When heaven is shut up, and there is no rain, when they do sin against Thee; if they pray toward this place, and confess Thy name, and turn from their sin, when Thou dost afflict them;

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**Who acts:** people, Thou, Thy · **What happens:** shut up, be, sin, pray, confess, turn · **To what, where:** heaven, rain, name, sin, people

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Kings 8:35 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, Thou, Thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:317
# text = When heaven is shut up, and there is no rain, when they do sin against Thee; if they pray toward this place, and confess Thy name, and turn from their sin, when Thou dost afflict them;
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	shut	shut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	9	expl	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	15	mark	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	sin	sin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
17	against	against	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	obl	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
23	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	25	det	_	_
25	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	confess	confess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
29	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
34	from	from	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	sin	sin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
38	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	41	mark	_	_
39	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	41	nsubj	_	_
40	dost	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
41	afflict	afflict	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	advcl	_	_
42	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	obj	_	_
43	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: other
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=other

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut up** | present · passive |  | heaven |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | no rain |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sin** | present · do-support |  |  |  |  |  | against Thee | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against thou=Maleficiary |
| 4 | **pray** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | people |  |  |  |  | toward this place | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 5 | **confess** | present | people *not said here* | Thy name |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Topic |
| 6 | **turn** | infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  | people's sin |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from sin=Trajectory |
| 7 | **afflict** | present · do-support | Thou | people |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |
| 8 | **name** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בְּהֵעָצֵ֥ר שָׁמַ֛יִם וְלֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה מָטָ֖ר כִּ֣י יֶחֶטְאוּ־לָ֑ךְ וְהִֽתְפַּֽלְל֞וּ אֶל־הַמָּק֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ וְהוֹד֣וּ אֶת־שְׁמֶ֔ךָ וּמֵחַטָּאתָ֥ם יְשׁוּב֖וּן כִּ֥י תַעֲנֵֽם׃

[1 Kings 8:35: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.8.35/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:317` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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