---
title: 1 Kings 9:21 (JPS 1917) — even their children that were left after them in the land, whom the… · tree and pragmatics
description: even their children that were left after them in the land, whom the children of Israel were not able utterly to destroy, of them did Solomon raise a levy of bondservants, unto this day. Who acts: children. 1 Kings 9:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 9:21 · JPS 1917

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even their children that were left after them in the land, whom the children of Israel were not able utterly to destroy, of them did Solomon raise a levy of bondservants, unto this day.

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**Who acts:** children · **What happens:** leave, not be, destroy, raise, levy · **To what, where:** children, land, levy, bondservants

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This is 1 Kings 9:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:370
# text = even their children that were left after them in the land, whom the children of Israel were not able utterly to destroy, of them did Solomon raise a levy of bondservants, unto this day.
1	even	even	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	obj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	acl:relcl	_	_
21	utterly	utterly	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obl	_	_
27	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	Solomon	Solomon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	raise	raise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	levy	levy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	bondservants	bondservant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	37	det	_	_
37	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past · passive |  | Jebusites's children |  | the land | after children *= child* |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in land=Location |
| 2 | **not** **is** | past | the children of Israel |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **destroy** | to-infinitive | the children of Israel *not said here* |  |  |  |  | utterly *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **raise** | past · do-support | Jebusites's children | a levy of bondservants |  |  | day | of Jebusites *= jebusite* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent levy=Theme of they=Destination |
| 5 | **levy** |  |  | bondservants |  |  |  |  | nom levy «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בְּנֵיהֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נֹתְר֤וּ אַחֲרֵיהֶם֙ בָּאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־יָכְל֛וּ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְהַֽחֲרִימָ֑ם וַיַּעֲלֵ֤ם שְׁלֹמֹה֙ לְמַס־עֹבֵ֔ד עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

[1 Kings 9:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.9.21/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:370` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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