---
title: 1 Kings 10:8 (JPS 1917) — Happy are thy men, happy are these thy servants, that stand continua… · tree and pragmatics
description: Happy are thy men, happy are these thy servants, that stand continually before thee, and that hear thy wisdom. Who acts: men, servants. 1 Kings 10:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 10:8 · JPS 1917

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Happy are thy men, happy are these thy servants, that stand continually before thee, and that hear thy wisdom.

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**Who acts:** men, servants · **What happens:** be, stand, hear · **To what, where:** thee, wisdom

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This is 1 Kings 10:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, servants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:386
# text = Happy are thy men, happy are these thy servants, that stand continually before thee, and that hear thy wisdom.
1	Happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
8	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
9	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	stand	stand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	continually	continually	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	hear	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
21	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | thy men |  |  |  |  | happy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | thy servants |  |  |  |  | happy *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **stand** | present | thy servants |  |  | thee |  | continually *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before thou=Location |
| 4 | **hear** | present | thy servants | thy wisdom |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer wisdom=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אַשְׁרֵ֣י אֲנָשֶׁ֔יךָ אַשְׁרֵ֖י עֲבָדֶ֣יךָ אֵ֑לֶּה הָֽעֹמְדִ֤ים לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙ תָּמִ֔יד הַשֹּׁמְעִ֖ים אֶת־חָכְמָתֶֽךָ׃

[1 Kings 10:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.10.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:386` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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