---
title: 1 Kings 1:43 (JPS 1917) — And Jonathan answered and said to Adonijah: 'Verily our lord king Da… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Jonathan answered and said to Adonijah: 'Verily our lord king David hath made Solomon king. Who acts: Jonathan, lord king, Solomon. 1 Kings 1:43 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 1:43 · JPS 1917

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And Jonathan answered and said to Adonijah: 'Verily our lord king David hath made Solomon king.

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**Who acts:** Jonathan, lord king, Solomon · **What happens:** answer, say, make, king · **To what, where:** Adonijah · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 1:43 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonathan, lord king, Solomon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:45
# text = And Jonathan answered and said to Adonijah: 'Verily our lord king David hath made Solomon king.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Adonijah	Adonijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	_
10	Verily	verily	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
11	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
15	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	ccomp	_	_
17	Solomon	Solomon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	xcomp	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Jonathan |  |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Jonathan *not said here* |  | Adonijah |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to adonijah=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** | present · perfect | our lord king |  |  |  |  | verily *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **king** |  | Solomon |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיַּ֙עַן֙ יוֹנָתָ֔ן וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לַאֲדֹנִיָּ֑הוּ אֲבָ֕ל אֲדֹנֵ֥ינוּ הַמֶּֽלֶךְ־דָּוִ֖ד הִמְלִ֥יךְ אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃

[1 Kings 1:43: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.1.43/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:45` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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