---
title: 1 Kings 13:13 (JPS 1917) — And he said unto his sons: 'Saddle me the ass.' So they saddled him… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he said unto his sons: 'Saddle me the ass.' So they saddled him the ass; and he rode thereon. Who acts: man, bones. 1 Kings 13:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 13:13 · JPS 1917

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And he said unto his sons: 'Saddle me the ass.' So they saddled him the ass; and he rode thereon.

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**Who acts:** man, bones · **What happens:** say, saddle, ride · **To what, where:** ass, me, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 13:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, bones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:498
# text = And he said unto his sons: 'Saddle me the ass.' So they saddled him the ass; and he rode thereon.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
9	Saddle	saddle	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
10	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	iobj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	ass	ass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
15	So	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	saddled	saddle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	iobj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	ass	ass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
25	thereon	thereon	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | man |  |  |  |  | unto man's sons | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **saddle** | infinitive |  | the ass | me |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **saddle** | past | bones *= bone* | the ass | man |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **ride** | past | man |  |  |  |  | thereon *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־בָּנָ֔יו חִבְשׁוּ־לִ֖י הַחֲמ֑וֹר וַיַּחְבְּשׁוּ־ל֣וֹ הַחֲמ֔וֹר וַיִּרְכַּ֖ב עָלָֽיו׃

[1 Kings 13:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.13.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:498` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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