---
title: 1 Kings 15:13 (JPS 1917) — And also Maacah his mother he removed from being queen, because she… · tree and pragmatics
description: And also Maacah his mother he removed from being queen, because she had made an abominable image for an Asherah; and Asa cut down her image, and burnt it at the brook Kidron. Who acts: Asa, rest. 1 Kings 15:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 15:13 · JPS 1917

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And also Maacah his mother he removed from being queen, because she had made an abominable image for an Asherah; and Asa cut down her image, and burnt it at the brook Kidron.

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**Who acts:** Asa, rest · **What happens:** remove, be, make, cut down, burnt, image · **To what, where:** abominable image, image, brook

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This is 1 Kings 15:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Asa, rest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:568
# text = And also Maacah his mother he removed from being queen, because she had made an abominable image for an Asherah; and Asa cut down her image, and burnt it at the brook Kidron.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
3	Maacah	Maacah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	dislocated	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	removed	remove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
10	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	abominable	abominable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Asherah	Asherah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	Asa	Asa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
26	down	down	ADP	RP	_	25	compound:prt	_	_
27	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	burnt	burnt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
32	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	obj	_	_
33	at	at	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	brook	brook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
36	Kidron	Kidron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	appos	_	_
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remove** | past | Asa |  |  |  |  | Maacah *dislocated* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | from queen | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | past · perfect | rest | a abominable image |  |  |  | for a Asherah | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent image=Product for asherah=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **cut down** | past | Asa | rest's image |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent image=Product |
| 5 | **burnt** | past | Asa *not said here* | image |  | the brook |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **image** |  | rest |  |  |  |  |  | nom image «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְגַ֣ם ׀ אֶת־מַעֲכָ֣ה אִמּ֗וֹ וַיְסִרֶ֙הָ֙ מִגְּבִירָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשְׂתָ֥ה מִפְלֶ֖צֶת לָאֲשֵׁרָ֑ה וַיִּכְרֹ֤ת אָסָא֙ אֶת־מִפְלַצְתָּ֔הּ וַיִּשְׂרֹ֖ף בְּנַ֥חַל קִדְרֽוֹן׃

[1 Kings 15:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.15.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:568` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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